Isikhokelo esiGqibeleleyo sokuKhathalela iOrchid Cactus (Epiphyllum): Ukhathalelo, Ukusasaza, kunye nokuJonga iingxaki

El orchid cactus okanye Epiphyllum Luhlobo lwezityalo ezinencasa ezixatyiswe kakhulu egadini kunye nokuhombisa kwangaphakathi ngenxa yendalo emangalisayo yeentyatyambo zayo kunye nokungafani kweziqu zayo. Sisityalo se-epiphytic, esiphuma kwiindawo ezitshisayo kunye neendawo ezitshisayo, eziphuma kusapho lweCactaceae. Inkangeleko yayo engaqhelekanga, ukhathalelo olulula, kunye nokukwazi ukuntywila iintyatyambo kakhulu kuyenze yathandwa phakathi kwabaqokeleli kunye nabathanda izityalo zangaphakathi.

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ze-Epiphyllum

Isini Epiphyllum Iqukethe izityalo ze-epiphytic, ezithi, endle, zikhule emithini okanye ematyeni, zisebenzisa iingcambu zasemoyeni ukuze zibambe ukufuma kunye nezondlo ezivela kwindalo. Olu hlengahlengiso lubavumela ukuba baphumelele kwiindawo ezinomswakama ophezulu. umswakama kunye nokungena komoya okulungileyo, ukwamkela ukukhanya okungathanga ngqo, iimeko ekufuneka sizame ukuziphindaphinda ekulimeni kwayo ekhaya.

Los iziqu I-Epiphyllum cacti zisicaba kwaye zimxinwa ngokubanzi, zinemida enamazinyo okanye e-lobed. Nangona zinokubonakala ngathi ngamagqabi, ngokwenyani zingamacandelo alungelelanisiweyo kwifotosynthesize. Ngokungafaniyo noninzi lwecacti, Epiphyllum Ayinameva, nto leyo eyandisayo Ixabiso lezinto zokuhombisa kunye nokulula kwayo ukuyiphatha ngaphakathi. Ezi ziqu zinokumasebe kwaye ziphuhlise iifom ezijingayo okanye ezimile, kuxhomekeke kwiindidi.

Las flores del i-orchid cactus Zimela owona mtsalane mkhulu wesityalo. Zinkulu, ziyamangalisa, kwaye ziza kuluhlu olubanzi lwemibala, ukusuka komhlophe ukuya kobomvu, kuquka umthubi, opinki kunye noorenji. Iindidi ezininzi zivelisa iintyatyambo ezimnandi kakhulu zasebusuku ezivula ebusuku kwaye zivale ekuseni. Iintyatyambo ngokuqhelekileyo zenzeka kanye ngonyaka, kwaye iintyatyambo zinokuhlala kwiiyure ezimbalwa ukuya kwiintsuku ezininzi, kuxhomekeke kwiintlobo.

Iintlobo eziphambili kunye ne-hybrids ye-Epiphyllum

I-genus Epiphyllum ibandakanya malunga neentlobo ezilishumi elinesibini zendalo, nangona i-hybrids efunyenwe ngeminqamlezo ekhethiweyo iphambili kwezorhwebo, ngakumbi. Epiphyllum crenatum kunye nezinye iintlobo ezinxulumene ezifana I-Epiphyllum anguliger y Epiphyllum oxypetalumNgombulelo kumxube, iintlobo ngeentlobo zemibala yeentyatyambo kunye nobukhulu nazo ziye zaphunyezwa, ngeentlobo ezilula kunye nezimbaxa.

• Epiphyllum crenatum: Tyala ngokukhula okuthe tye kunye namasebe asicaba, kunye neentyatyambo ezinkulu ezimhlophe okanye ezikhrimu ezivula emini.
• I-Epiphyllum anguliger: Yaziwa njenge fishbone cactus okanye i-zigzag cactus, ibalasele ngezikhondo zayo ezinencam ezimaza kunye neentyatyambo ezinevumba elimnandi.
• Epiphyllum oxypetalum: Eyaziwa ngokuba yindlovukazi yobusuku okanye intyatyambo ye-kadupul, ivelisa iintyatyambo ukuya kwi-25 cm ubude, ezimhlophe, ezivumba kakhulu, ezivula kuphela ebusuku.
• Epiphyllum pumilumIbizwa ngokuba yi<em>orchid-leaf orchid cactus, ibonwa ngezikhondo zayo ezibhityileyo, ezilandela emva kunye neentyantyambo ezimangalisayo zasebusuku.

Okwangoku, uninzi lwezityalo ezithengiswayo phantsi kwegama elithi Epiphyllum zidityanisiwe kunye nezalamane ezivela kwezinye izizukulwana ezifana Selenicereus o IHylocereus, eziye zandisa ngakumbi ubuhle bazo kunye nokuguquguquka.

Iimeko ezifanelekileyo zokusingqongileyo kwi-orchid cactus

• eLuzi: Ifuna ukukhanya okukhulu kodwa ukukhanya okungathanga ngqoUkutshatyalaliswa ngokuthe ngqo ekukhanyeni kwelanga kunokonakalisa iziqu, ngoko kukulungele ukuyibeka kufuphi neefestile ezikhanyayo, ezikhuselweyo ngamakhethini, okanye kwiindawo ezinomthunzi, zixelisa i-tropical understory.
• temperatura: Uluhlu olufanelekileyo luphakathi 18 kunye nama-28°C ngexesha lasemini kwaye akufuneki ube sesichengeni sobushushu obungaphantsi kwe-7°C ixesha elide. Ngexesha lasebusika, indawo epholileyo (emalunga ne-10°C) ikhuthaza ukudubula kweentyatyambo.
• Ukufuma: Iimfuno ukufuma okuphezulu kwendawo, malunga ne-50-80%. Kwiindawo ezomileyo, luluvo olulungileyo ukutshiza amanzi ujikeleze isityalo okanye usebenzise izinto zokufuma.
• Ukupholisa umoya: Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuhamba kakuhle komoya kwaye uphephe iindawo ezinamaza anamandla okanye amaqondo obushushu agqithisileyo.

Umhlaba kunye nokufakelwa kwe-Epiphyllum

El isiseko ngumba ophambili ekulinyweni kwe EpiphyllumIsityalo sidinga umhlaba oxekethileyo, otyebileyo kwizinto eziphilayo kunye nokukhutshwa kwamanzi okugqwesileyo ukuthintela ukuphuphuma kwamanzi kunye nokufunxa kweengcambu zaso ezingenzulwanga.

• Kucetyiswa umxube okhethekileyo wecacti kunye ne-succulents, etyetyiswe nge-perlite, i-coconut fiber, i-pine bark, i-worm castings, okanye i-peat. Ukusebenzisa i-orchid substrate nayo ikulungele ngenxa yokugcinwa kwayo kokufuma kunye nomthamo wokungenisa umoya.
• I-pH efanelekileyo ye-substrate kufuneka ibe ne-acidic kancinane, malunga ne-6.0.
• Iimbiza kufuneka zibe nemingxuma emikhulu yokukhupha amanzi kwaye kukhethwa ukuba zenziwe ngodongwe ukuze kube lula ukuphefumla.
• El ukufakelwa Kunconywa kuphela yonke iminyaka emi-2 okanye emi-3, xa uphuhliso lwamasebe amatsha lufuna kwaye ngokukhethekileyo ekupheleni kweentyantyambo.

Ulawulo lokunkcenkceshela kunye nokufuma

El ukunkcenkceshela ngokufanelekileyo ibalulekile kwimpumelelo ekukhuleni i-orchid cactus. Ngokungafaniyo nezinye i-cacti, I-Epiphyllum ikhetha i-substrate emanzi ngokulinganayo, kodwa ayizange imanziswe.

• Ngexesha lokukhula okusebenzayo (intwasahlobo kunye nehlobo), amanzi xa isithathu esiphezulu se-substrate silahlekelwe ngumswakama. Ukufaka iminwe yakho emhlabeni yindlela efanelekileyo yokujonga.
• Ekwindla nasebusika, nciphisa ukunkcenkceshela rhoqo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, zonke iiveki ezi-2-3 ziya kwanela, zivumela i-substrate ukuba yome kancinci phakathi kokunkcenkceshela.
• Ngalo lonke ixesha uwaphephe amadili kwaye ususe amanzi amaninzi kwisosari yembiza.
• Ukutshiza amanzi emagqabini kunceda ukugcina ukufuma, ngakumbi kwimozulu eyomileyo okanye kwiindawo zangaphakathi ezishushu.
• Ukuba isityalo sibonakala sincinci kakhulu ngexesha leentyantyambo, ungothuki; oku kudla ngokuba yinkqubo eqhelekileyo kwaye iya kuzibuyisela ngokwayo.

Ukuchumisa kunye nomgquba

Ukukhuthaza ukukhula kunye neentyatyambo, i Epiphyllum Ifuna isichumiso esilungeleleneyo ngexesha lophuhliso lwaso. Ungabonisana kwakhona i-cactus kunye nezikhokelo ze-succulent ngolwazi oluthe vetshe malunga nokuchumisa.

• Sebenzisa isichumisi ukulinganisela kwi-nitrogen, i-phosphorus kunye ne-potassium ( NPK 6:6:6, 8:8:8 okanye 10:10:10 ), kunye nomxholo wenitrogen ongaze udlule kwi-10%.
• Gcoba rhoqo kwiiveki ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu ukusuka entwasahlobo ukuya ekwindla, uhlambulule isinye kwisithathu sedosi ecetyiswayo yomenzi kumanzi okunkcenkceshela. Ngexesha lasekwindla nasebusika, nqumamisa ukuchumisa ukwenza lula ukulala.
• Ukuba unesichumiso segeneric kuphela, sixube kakuhle emanzini phambi kokuba usisebenzise ukunqanda ubuninzi.

Iintyatyambo: Uzifumana njani iintyatyambo ezintle

Ngononophelo olufanelekileyo, i Epiphyllum unokukuvuza ngeentyatyambo ezichumileyo. Kukho izitshixo ezithile zokukhuthaza ukukhula kweentyatyambo, njengokubonisana ne isikhokelo sokudubula kwecacti ukuqonda ngcono umjikelo wakho.

• Ngexesha lasebusika, tyhila isityalo amaqondo obushushu apholileyo (malunga ne-10°C) kwaye uphephe ukukhanya okwenziwayo emva kobumnyama.
• Uxinzelelo lwamanzi oluncinci kwiinyanga ezibandayo lunokuvuselela ukumila kweentyatyambo.
• Iintyatyambo zikholisa ukuvela phakathi kwasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo kunye nehlobo, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo okanye umxube.
• Iintyatyambo zinokuhlala ubusuku obunye ukuya kwiintsuku ezininzi. Ukudluliselwa kwembewu kunokubangela iziqhamo ezibomvu.

Ukuthena kunye nokugcinwa ngokubanzi

El Epiphyllum ayifuni ukuthenwa kwesakhiwo. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukugcina impilo kunye ne-aesthetics ngokususa rhoqo izikhondo ezomileyo okanye ezonakeleyoUnokufunda iindlela zokuthena kwinqaku lethu Isikhokelo sokuthena i-cactus.

Kwiintlobo zokuxhoma, ezifana I-Epiphyllum anguliger, unokubonelela ngenkxaso yeziqu ezinde okanye usebenzise iimbiza zokuxhoma ukubonisa i-droop yazo yendalo.

Ukuphindaphinda nokusasazwa

Eyona ndlela isebenzayo yokuphinda-phinda i i-orchid cactus Ibangelwa kukusikwa kwesikhondo. Inkqubo ilula kwaye inezinga eliphezulu lempumelelo, elifana nezinye i-epiphytic cactus.

1. Sika iziqendu zesiqu malunga ne-10-15 cm ngezixhobo ezicocekileyo kwaye uvumele inxeba lome kangangeentsuku ezi-7-10 kwindawo epholileyo, enomthunzi.
2. Tyala ukusika kumhlaba we-cactus, ukungcwaba isithathu sobude bayo. Gcina imbiza kumthunzi ongaphelelanga kunye nobushushu obufudumeleyo.
3. Gcina i-substrate imanzi kancinci, kwaye emva kweeveki ezimbalwa, ukusika kuya kuphuhlisa iingcambu. Ukususela ngelo xesha ukuya phambili, nyamekela isampuli entsha njengoko ubuya kwenza kumntu omdala.

Ubuchwephesha bukuvumela ukuba ufumane izityalo ezitsha ezineempawu ezifanayo nekamama kwaye ujonge iintyatyambo zokuqala emva kweminyaka eliqela.

Izinambuzane, izifo kunye neengxaki eziqhelekileyo

El Epiphyllum Sisityalo esomeleleyo, kodwa sinokuchaphazeleka:

• Mealybugs: Ibonwa ngamachokoza ekotoni kwizikhondo namagqabi. Susa ngesandla ngekotoni efakwe etywaleni okanye, kwiimeko ezinzima, sebenzisa iisepha zokubulala izinambuzane.
• Ingcambu yokubolaIbangelwa kukunkcenkceshela ngokugqithisileyo. Ukuba isiqu sishwabene kwaye sithambe, susa isityalo, unqumle iingcambu ezonakeleyo, sebenzisa isibulali ntsholongwane esingumgubo, kwaye usigalele kwakhona kumhlaba owomileyo. Linda phambi kokuba unkcenkceshele kwakhona.
• Ukutshiswa lilanga: Amabala okanye ukuguquka kombala kudla ngokuba luphawu lokugqatswa lilanga ngqo. Hambisa isityalo kwindawo enomthunzi.
• Iintanda okanye iintanda kwiziqu: Zenzeka ngenxa yotshintsho olukhawulezileyo lobushushu. Kuphephe ukubeka esichengeni isityalo kumaqondo obushushu agqithisileyo phakathi kwemini nobusuku.

Ukuthintela lelona qhinga lilungileyo: jonga isityalo rhoqo kwaye ugcine indawo ecocekileyo, engenamoya, engenamanzi.

IiCuriosities kunye nokusetyenziswa kokuhlobisa

Igama Epiphyllum livela kwisiGrike kwaye lithetha "kwiqabunga," libhekisela kwindlela iintyatyambo ezibonakala ngayo zivela ngokuthe ngqo kwiziqu. Ngokuqhelekileyo yaziwa ngokuba i-orchid cactus ngenxa yobuhle beentyatyambo zayo, nangona ngokwebhotani ayinxulumananga neeorchids zokwenyani.

Ekuhlobiseni, i-Epiphyllum ilungele zombini iimbiza eziphakanyisiweyo kunye nokuxhoma. Ubume bayo obubhityileyo buyenza iphelele ekuhombiseni iishelufa, iibhalkhoni, okanye iigadi zangaphakathi ezikhanyiswe kakuhle.

Inqaku elidibeneyo:

Isikhokelo se-Orchid Cactus: Ukukhathalelwa kunye nokuPhucula uBubuhle bayo obuBodwa