El tamarind, isityalo esiyinzalelwane yaseAfrika esiye sasasazeka kwihlabathi lonke ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwaso kunye nencasa yayo engathandabuzekiyo, sisaqhubeka sisoyisa amabhoma kunye nezitiya ngokufanayo. Nangona isenokubonakala ngathi ngumthi wasemzini, okude noko kwizityalo eziqhelekileyo, inyaniso kukuba kulula kakhulu ukutyala nokukhathalela kunokuba ubani anokucinga.
Ukongeza ekubeni ngumthi wokuhombisa kunye nokubonelela ngomthunzi othandekayo, i-tamarind ibalaselisa isiqhamo sayo, i-legume ene-pulp eswiti nemuncu, exabiswa kakhulu kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokutya emhlabeni jikelele.
Yintoni i-tamarind kwaye kutheni ikhula?
Tamarind (UTamarindus indica) yeyosapho lweFabaceae, njengeeertyisi, iilentile kunye neeertyisi. Ngumthi wetropikhi nobukhulu ngokubonakalayo (inokufikelela kwi-20 okanye i-30 yeemitha ukuphakama phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo), nangona ngobuchule obufanelekileyo inokuphinda ilawulwe ezimbizeni, isoloko ithathela ingqalelo imida ethile malunga nokukhula kunye neziqhamo.
Esinye sezizathu eziphambili zotyalo-mali ekulinyweni kwetamarind kuko Ubungqongqo: Ifuna ukhathalelo oluncinci kwaye iyakwazi ukumelana nezinambuzane ezininzi kunye neemeko zemozulu ezimbi., ngakumbi xa sele lidlule inqanaba lolutsha. Isiqhamo, esiqulethwe kwiipod ezimdaka, sixabiswa kwi-gastronomy kunye namayeza esintu, ngenxa yomxholo wezondlo kunye neempawu zokugaya.
Iindlela zokutyala: imbewu okanye ukumiliselwa
Ngaphambi kokuba uqale, kuya kufuneka wenze isigqibo sokuba Ngaba ukhetha ukukhulisa tamarind ukusuka kwimbewu okanye ngokuxhunyelelwa?Zombini iinketho zineengenelo kunye neenuances ekufuneka zilinganiswe.
- Ukuhlwayela ngembewu: Lolona khetho luxhaphakileyo kubantu abangafundanga kunye nabo bafuna ukonwabela inkqubo epheleleyo. Imbewu intshula lula xa igcinwa ifumile.; zidla ngokuntshula kwiveki enye okanye ezimbini. Nangona kunjalo, kuya kufuneka ube nomonde ngenxa yokuba Ixesha eliya kude kufike isivuno sokuqala lingasukela kwiminyaka esixhenxe ukuya kwelishumi, kuxhomekeke kwinkathalo kunye neemeko zokusingqongileyo.
- UludweUkuba ujonge ukuvuna iziqhamo ngexesha elincinci, olu lukhetho lwakho. Imithi egxunyekiweyo inokuthwala iziqhamo kwasekuqaleni kweminyaka emi-2-3 ubudala, kwaye ukukhula kwayo kunokulawulwa ngcono ukuqhelana neendawo ezincinci okanye iimbiza.
Zombini ezi ndlela zifuna isubstrate efanelekileyo kunye nemozulu, kodwa ukufakela kufinyeza kakhulu ixesha lokulinda phambi kokuvuna, into ekufuneka uyiqwalasele ukuba umonde awuyosuti yakho eyomeleleyo.
Ukukhetha indawo kunye neemeko zemozulu ezifanelekileyo
ITamarind idinga indawo efudumeleyo nenelangaIkhetha iindawo ezikhanyiswe ngokuqaqambileyo, njengoko ukukhanya kwelanga kukhuthaza ukukhula kunye nokuveliswa kweziqhamo. Amaqondo obushushu afanelekileyo aphakathi kwe 25°C kunye ne 36°C, ngakumbi ngexesha lokuhluma kunye nezigaba zokuqala zophuhliso. Ayiyinyamezeli iqabaka xa iselula., nangona imizekelo yabantu abadala inokumelana nobusika ngcono ukuba nje ingekho rhabaxa kakhulu okanye inde.
Ngokubhekiselele kumoya, umthi ubonisa ukuchasana okulungileyo, okwenza kube yinto efanelekileyo yokukhetha iindawo ezinemozulu eguqukayo okanye ezilungele ukutshisa okuphakathi.
Uhlobo lomhlaba kunye nokukhetha imbiza
Umhlaba ofanelekileyo wetamarind kufuneka ube nzulu, utyebe kwizinto eziphilayo kwaye utsalwe kakuhle.Imihlaba evunduvundu (ephakathi, ingelulo udongwe kakhulu okanye isanti eninzi) ikholisa ukuba ngoyena ufanelekileyo. Eyona pH iphakathi kwe-6 kunye ne-7.5, uluhlu olungathathi hlangothi okanye oluncinci kakhulu.
Ukuba ukhula embizeni, khetha enye enobungakanani obuhle kunye nobunzulu, okuvumela ukuphuhliswa kweengcambu. I-substrate kufuneka ibe zizityebi kwizinto eziphilayoI-mulch kunye nomgquba oluhlaza uya kunceda ukugcina ukufuma kwaye ugcine umhlaba uphila kwaye uchumile.
Ukulungiswa kunye nokuntshula kwembewu
Ukwandisa amathuba okuphumelela, Gxuma imbewu ye-tamarind kwiiyure ezingama-24-48 ngaphambi kokuba uyihlwayele.Oku kuthambisa isigqubuthelo kwaye kuququzelele ukuntshula. Xa sele zilungile, zityale malunga ne-2-3 cm ubunzulu ebhodweni okanye kumhlaba wokugqibela, zigqume kancinci, kwaye unkcenkceshele ngobunono ukugcina ukufuma okungaguqukiyo kodwa kungakhukula.
Ixesha lokuntshula lidla ngokuba lifutshane: Kwiintsuku ezi-7 ukuya kwezi-10 kufuneka ubone amahlumela okuqala ukuba uye wagcina ukufuma kunye nobushushu obuchanekileyo (zama ukungehli ngaphantsi kwe-20ºC ngeli nqanaba linzima).
Ukunkcenkceshela: amaxesha amaninzi kunye nobungakanani
Enye yamanqaku aphambili okuphumelela ekukhuleni kwe-tamarind gcina i-substrate ifumile kodwa ungaze ube namanziNgethuba lokuqala lobomi bawo, umthi ufuna ukunkcenkceshela rhoqo. Ngokufanelekileyo, sebenzisa iinkqubo zokunkcenkceshela okanye ukunkcenkceshelwa ngaphandle kodwa ukunkcenkceshela nzulu, ukuvumela i-substrate yome kancinane kumphezulu phakathi kokunkcenkceshela ngalunye.
Njengoko umthi ukhula kwaye uneengcambu nzulu, imfuneko yamanzi iyancipha kwaye umthi uzimele. Gwema amanzi amaninzi, njengoko kunokubangela ukubola kweengcambu. kunye nokucothisa uphuhliso.
Ukuchumisa kunye nokunyamekela umhlaba
Umhlaba otyebileyo uya kuhlala ufana ne-tamarind ephumelelayo. Dibanisa izichumisi eziphilayo rhoqoUmgquba, ukugalelwa kweentshulube, umgquba obole kakuhle, okanye umgquba oluhlaza. Ukugqoka okuphezulu kunceda ukugcina umswakama, ukhusela iingcambu, kwaye ungeze izondlo ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ukuba ukhula emhlabeni, ungatyala izityalo zokugquma ukuphucula ubume bomhlaba.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo yokuchumisa inikwa entlakohlaza nasekuqaleni kwehlobo, kanye ngelona xesha lokukhula kwesityalo esikhulu. Ziphephe izichumiso ezityebe kakhulu kwinitrogen, nto leyo eya kuthi ikhulise ukukhula kwamagqabi ukuze ichaphazele intyantyambo kunye neziqhamo..
Ukutshintshela kunye nokuthenwa: njani kwaye nini ukwenza
ITamarind, nangona ixhathisa, Iyakuxabisa ukugaywa kwakhona njengoko ikhula, ngakumbi ukuba uyigcina embizeni.Kule meko, kuyacetyiswa ukuba irepot ngonyaka ide ifike kubungakanani obuthile; emva koko, i-repot yonke iminyaka emibini iya kuba yanele. Soloko ukhetha imbiza enkulu ukuphepha ukunqanda ukukhula kweengcambu.
Ngokumalunga nokuthenwa, kufuneka kusetyenziswe ikakhulu ekuqaleni kwentlakohlaza okanye emva kwexesha lokukhula kwezityalo. Injongo yokuthena ayikona nje ukulawula ubude-ingakumbi kwizityalo ezineembiza-kodwa kwakhona susa amasebe awomileyo, abuthathaka, okanye anqamlezayo. Sebenzisa izikere ezihlanjululwe kakuhle kwaye uphephe ukusika ngeentsuku ezimanzi kakhulu okanye ezomileyo kakhulu.
Ukukhuselwa kwingqele kunye nezinye iinzingo
I-tamarind encinci ivakalelwa kubushushu obuphantsi kunye neqabaka.Ukuba ukhula kwindawo enobusika obunzima, kuya kufuneka ukhusele isityalo: unokusihambisa ngaphakathi kwindlu ukuba kusembizeni, okanye wakhe i-greenhouse encinci ejikeleze umthi. Iisampulu ezikhulileyo ziyaxhathisa, nangona kungcono ukuzikhusela kubushushu obuqhaqhazelisa amazinyo ukuba kunokwenzeka.
Xa kuziwa kwizitshabalalisi kunye nezifo, i-tamarind ngokubanzi ayifuni. Ukuba ubona amagqabi abe tyheli okanye ukuwa kwamagqabi ngaphambi kwexesha, jonga ukunkcenkceshela kunye nokukhupha amanzi phambi kokuba usebenzise imichiza yokungunda okanye unyango lwemichiza.
Ukukhula kunye nophuhliso: isantya kunye nobukhulu
ITamarind ngumthi we ukukhula okucothayo ngokwentelekiso kwiminyaka yayo yokuqalaUnyaka wokuqala, ngokuqhelekileyo ufikelela kwisiqingatha semitha nje, kwaye okwesibini, phakathi kwe-1,20 kunye ne-1,30 yeemitha, nangona oku kunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeka kwiimeko. Umzekelo okhathalelwe kakuhle uya kukhula phakathi kwe-30 kunye ne-80 cm ngonyaka kumaxesha awo onyaka okuqala, wehla xa sele ufikelele ekuvuthweni.
Phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo, iya kufikelela kubude bayo obupheleleyo (ukuya kuthi ga kwiimitha ezingama-30 emhlabeni) emva kweminyaka emininzi. Ebhodweni okanye ngokuchenwa okufanelekileyo, unokuyigcina kubukhulu obulawulekayo.
Ukuvuna: nini kwaye njani iziqhamo
Ukulinda kuvuzwa ngesivuno esikhethekileyo. Iziqhamo zeTamarind ziqala ukukhula emva kweminyaka emi-4-5 kwimithi yembewu, okanye kwisithuba nje seminyaka emi-2-3 ukuba ukhethe ukufakwa.Uya kwazi ukuba sele ulungele ukuvuna xa iipods zithambile ekuchukumiseni kwaye zijike zibemdaka onzulu.
Chola ngononophelo imidumba esele ivuthiwe, uthintele amaqhuma okanye umonakalo onokukhawulezisa ukuwohloka kwentlama. Isiqhamo siguquguquka kakhulu kwaye sinokusetyenziswa ngokutsha, i-candied, kwi-syrups okanye igcinwe..
Izibonelelo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwetamarind
Awuzukuzivuza kungekuphela ngeziqhamo ezimnandi, kodwa nakwikhemesti yendalo yokwenyani. I-Tamarind inomxholo ophezulu weevithamini, iiminerali kunye namacandelo e-antioxidantI-pulp yayo isetyenziswa kuzo zombini izitya eziswiti nezinencasa kwaye ixabiseke ngakumbi kwi-Asian, kuMbindi waseMelika, nakwi-Caribbean cuisine.
Uncedo lwayo lubandakanya ukucola ukutya kunye neempawu ezithambileyo zokuthambisa, umxholo wayo wevithamin C, kunye namandla ayo okuhlaziya nokuhlaziya umzimba ngexesha elishushu. Ngaphezu koko, iinkuni zayo zomelele, yaye imbewu yayo isetyenziselwa ukwenza ioli nezithambiso.
Iingcebiso ezisebenzayo kunye neempazamo eziqhelekileyo
- Musa ukulayisha kakhulu ngamanzi: Ukugqithiswa kwamanzi olona tshaba luphambili ngexesha lamanqanaba okuqala. Kungcono ukuhlala ngaphantsi kwamanzi kunokunyakamisa umhlaba.
- Khetha indawo eyiyo: Ukuba uhlala kwimozulu epholileyo, kungcono ukhethe imbiza kwaye uhambise isityalo ngaphakathi ebusika.
- Umonde: I-Tamarind ithatha ixesha, ngakumbi ukuba uqala kwimbewu, kodwa umvuzo ufanelekile ukulinda.
- Sika rhoqo: ngakumbi ezimbizeni, ukukhuthaza i-canopy enempilo kunye namagqabi.
