Ukukhulisa ukhukhamba ekhaya kuye kwaba yenye yezinto ezizithandayo zabo bathanda ukulima ngenxa yayo ukukhululeka kunye nokwaneliseka kokuvuna iziqhamo ezitsha ngencasa yokwenyani. Nokuba unegadi encinci yemifuno, ibalcony enelanga, okanye iimbiza ezimbalwa ezikhoyo, Ukwazi inkqubo efanelekileyo yokutyala ukhukhamba kwenza umehluko. phakathi kwesivuno esikhulu kunye nemveliso encinci. Ukuzikhulisa ekhaya akuqinisekisi kuphela umgangatho kunye nemveliso enempilo, kodwa kuyindlela ebalaseleyo yokudibanisa nendalo kwaye ujabulele umdlalo ozinzileyo.
Kwesi sikhokelo uya kufumana Zonke izitshixo kunye neengcebiso ezibalulekileyo zokuqalisa isityalo sakho se cucumber ekhaya, ukugubungela yonke into ukusuka ekukhethweni kweentlobo ukuya ekuvuneni, kubandakanywa iindlela zokutyala, uthintelo lwezinambuzane kunye nezifo, kunye nezindululo eziphilayo zokuqinisekisa impumelelo evakalayo rhoqo ngexesha lonyaka. Ukuba ujonge ezona ziphumo zilungileyo kwaye ufuna ukwenza eyona ndawo ikhoyo kwikhaya lakho, qaphela amanyathelo kunye neengcebiso ezichazwe ngezantsi.
Iindidi zamakhukhamba kunye nokukhetha imbewu efanelekileyo
Inyathelo lokuqala lokuqinisekisa isivuno esihle Khetha uhlobo lwekhukhamba olulungele indawo yakho kunye neemfunoKukho iintlobo ezininzi, zombini ukukhwela kunye ne-bushy. Ukuba unesikhala esincinci okanye ufuna ukukhula kwiimbiza, unokukhetha iintlobo ezixineneyo okanye ezinqabileyo, ezinokuthi abafuni nkxasoKwelinye icala, ukuba unendawo eyaneleyo kwigadi yakho okanye ukhetha ukuthatha ithuba lokuma ngokuthe nkqo, iindidi zokukhwela zilungile logama nje uzikhokela ngetrellis efanelekileyo.
Ngalo lonke ixesha jonga ileyibhile yepakethe yembewu ukuchonga imbewu. Iimpawu zeCucumber, ukumelana nezinambuzane, kunye neemfuno zendawoQinisekisa ukuthenga imbewu esemgangathweni, kwaye ukuba kuyenzeka, ezo eziphilayo, ukunqanda ukuchanabeka kwimichiza engafanelekanga kunye nemichiza.
Ixesha elifanelekileyo kunye neemeko zokuhlwayela
Elona nqanaba licetyiswayo lokutyala ukhukhamba lixhomekeke ekubeni unokhuseleko okanye cha. Ngaphandle, eyona festile ilungileyo yintwasahlobo nasekuqaleni kwekwindla., ngelixa kwi-greenhouse okanye phantsi kwetonela ungaya phambili ekupheleni kobusika. Kubalulekile ukuba ulinde de Iqabaka yokugqibela idlulile kwaye ubushushu bomhlaba bufikelela phakathi kwe-16 kunye ne-22 °C (malunga ne-60 ukuya kwi-70 degrees Fahrenheit), kuba iikomkomere zifuna ubushushu ukuze zihlume kwaye zikhule ngokufanelekileyo.
Ukuba ufuna ukuqinisekisa amakhukhamba amatsha kulo lonke ixesha lonyaka, unokulungelelanisa ukutyala okugxadazayo: Tyala izityalo ezincinci rhoqo emva kweeveki ezi-2 okanye ezi-3. Ngale ndlela, uya kuba neziqhamo eziqhubekayo kwaye uphephe ukuxinana kwigadi yakho okanye iimbiza, ngelixa unciphisa umngcipheko wokuphindaphinda izitshabalalisi.
Ukulungisa umhlaba kunye nokukhetha isitya
Ukukhula Ngokufanelekileyo, i-cucumber idinga isiponji, umhlaba ogqwethekileyo otyebileyo kwizinto eziphilayo.Kuphephe ukusebenzisa izinto ezintsha eziphilayo, njengoko zingonakalisa isityalo ngokubangela ukutsha kweengcambu. Ukuba usebenzisa iibhedi eziphakamileyo okanye iimbiza, Lungisa umxube ngomhlaba ochumileyo, umgquba ovuthiweyo kunye nevermiculite ukugcina umswakama ngaphandle kokungena kwamanzi. Imbiza efanelekileyo kufuneka ubuncinane ibe yi-45 cm ububanzi, iqinisekise indawo eyaneleyo yophuhliso lweengcambu.
Ngaphambi kokutyala, isusa ukhula kwaye ikhulule umhlaba usebenzisa ifotsholo okanye i-cultivator. Bandakanya isichumiso esilungeleleneyo (umzekelo, i-5-10-10 okanye i-16-16-16 multipurpose) ilandela idosi yomenzi. Ngale ndlela uqinisekisa a ukuqala ngokukhawuleza.
Ukuhlwayela kunye nokutyalwa: inyathelo ngenyathelo
Uneendlela ezimbini eziphambili zokukhetha:
- Ukuhlwayela ngqoTyala imbewu malunga ne-2 ukuya kwi-3 cm (malunga ne-intshi enye) emhlabeni okanye embizeni. Izityalo zasemajukujukwini ziqelelene nge-1 ukuya kwi-15 cm, kwaye ukuba unesithuba, yi-25 yeemitha (1,40 feet) phakathi kwemiqolo. Lungisa isithuba ngokwesiqhelo sokukhula kwendidi.
- Ukuhlwayela kwiplagi okanye kwibhedi yembewu: Lungisa imbewu kwitreyi nganye; malunga neentsuku ezingama-20 ukuya kwezingama-25, xa izithole zifikelela kwi-10 cm ubude kwaye ziphuhlise amagqabi okwenyaniso amaninzi, zitshintshe ngononophelo ukuya kwindawo yokugqibela, ukungcwaba ingcambu yengcambu kakuhle kwaye udibanise ngokukhawuleza umhlaba ojikelezayo.
Ukukhokela ukukhula ngokuthe nkqo, fakela i-trellis okanye inkxaso phambi kokuhlwayelaNgale ndlela, uya kuphepha ukonakalisa iingcambu kumanqanaba kamva.
Ukunkcenkceshela kunye nokunyamekela kokuqala
Ukunkcenkceshela kokuqala emva kokutyala kufuneka kube onesisa kodwa hayi amanziOku kungundoqo ekuqinisekiseni ukuba ingcambu yeengcambu okanye imbewu ikhula kakuhle. Lawula ukufuma ngeentsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala, ngakumbi ukuba kushushu, ukuze izithole zingaphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni. Emva kweveki yokuqala, xa iingcambu kunye namahlumela amatsha eqala ukukhula, Gqugquzela kancinane umhlaba ukuba ube neoksijini kunye nokukhuthaza ukukhula kweengcambu.
Ukususela kulo mzuzwana, iikomkomere zifuna amanzi rhoqo, ukuphepha ukugqithisa okunokukhuthaza i-fungi. Xa iziqhamo ziqala ukwenza, gcina umswakama ulungelelene kwaye kuthintela umhlaba ukuba wome ixesha elide, kuba ingcambu yekhukhamba inomdla kakhulu kwaye inokonakala ngokukhawuleza.
Ukuchumisa kunye nomgquba
Ikhukhamba ifuna izondlo ngobuninzi, ngakumbi initrogen ekukhuleni kwesiqu namagqabi, kunye ne potassium kunye nekhalsiyam ukuze kwenziwe iziqhamo ngobuninzi nangomgangatho. Faka isichumiso ekuqaleni kwaye, kamva, xa iintyatyambo ziqala, faka isicelo sesibini malunga neeveki ezintathu kamva.
Kwiigadi zendalo, beka phambili ukusetyenziswa kwe umgquba obole kakuhle kunye nezichumisi zeminerali ezithambileyoZiphephe iintsalela zezinto eziphilayo, ezinokonakalisa iingcambu kwaye zithintele ukukhula kwesityalo.
Izinambuzane eziqhelekileyo kunye nezifo zekhukhamba
Enye yezona zinto zixhalabisayo xa ukhula ukhukhamba ekhaya izibetho nezifo. Ikhukhamba ichaphazeleka ngakumbi:
- Izinambuzane: Iintwala, iintwala, iithrips, iibugs, kunye newhiteflies. Ukulawulwa kwe-ecological kunokwenzeka nge-insecticide yendalo (njengesepha ye-potassium okanye i-pyrethrins yezityalo), rhoqo ngononophelo, njengoko inokukhuthaza i-spider mites. Kwizinambuzane ezizingisileyo, ulawulo lwebhayoloji Isebenza kakuhle kakhulu, izisa iintshaba zendalo ezifana ne-Nesidiocoris tenuis yethrips kunye nee-whiteflies, okanye i-parasitic wasps ye-aphids.
- AmakhowaUkungunda, ukungunda, kunye ne-alternaria. Uthintelo lungundoqo: sebenzisa unyango lothintelo ngesulfure (emanzi okanye engumgubo) ngokuchasene ne powdery mildew kunye nobhedu lwesifo sokungunda, i-alternaria, kunye ne-fusarium. Ukususa ukhula olukufutshane nokuphepha ukufuma okugqithisileyo nako kunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko wezifo.
- Izifo zomhlabaIFusarium kunye nePhythium, eziyingxaki ngakumbi kwimihlaba engakhutshelwanga kakuhle okanye ngezinto eziphilayo ezingaboliyo. Sebenzisa umhlaba omtsha okanye owenziwe ngelanga ngaphambili njengokhuseleko.
Zihlole rhoqo izityalo zakho kwaye uphendule kuzo naziphi na iimpawu ukuthintela uhlaselo ekubeni luchaphazele isityalo sonke. Kwiimeko ezinzima, unyango oluthile luyafumaneka ekufuneka lusetyenziswe, luhlala luhlonipha amaxesha okhuseleko kunye needosi ezicetyiswayo.
Ukuthena, ukufundisa kunye nolunye ukhathalelo oluyimfuneko
Kwiintlobo zokukhwela okanye kwiinkqubo zokufundisa, kubalulekile khokela iziqu eziphambili ngeentambo okanye ngeminathaOku kukhuthaza ukuphefumla, ukuvuzwa, kwaye kunciphisa umngundo emagqabini nakwiziqhamo. Njengoko bekhula, susa amagqabi amadala okanye awonakeleyo kunye namahlumelo e-axillary ukugxininisa amandla kwiziqhamo kwaye ugcine igadi yeziqhamo isempilweni.
Ukuthena akunyanzelekanga kwiintlobo ezirhubuluzayo, kodwa kuyakhuthazwa kwizityalo ezithe nkqo okanye ezo zikwindawo ezinqongopheleyo ukuthintela ukuxinana nokuphucula umoya.
Ukudluliselwa kwepoleni kunye nemveliso yeziqhamo
Iintyatyambo ziqala kwiiveki ezimbalwa emva kokuhlwayela ukuba ukukhanya kunye neemeko zobushushu zanele. Iintyatyambo ezityheli Badinga ukuthunyelwa kwe-pollination ukwenza iziqhamoKwizityalo eziphilayo kunye neendawo zasezidolophini, kubalulekile ukukhuthaza i-pollinators yendalo, ukuphepha izitshabalalisi. Kwizityalo zangaphakathi okanye ezigqunyiweyo, kunokuba yimfuneko ukungenelela ngesandla ngokugungqa ngobunono iintyatyambo ukuze kube lula ukuvuza.
Ezinye iintlobo ze-parthenocarpic azifuni ukuthunyelwa kwe-pollination ukuvelisa iziqhamo, kodwa kuhlala kunenzuzo ukuququzelela umsebenzi wezinambuzane ukwandisa imveliso kunye nomgangatho.
Ukuntshula kunye nokuhlwayela kwi-cuttings
Ukongeza kwimbewu yokuhlwayela ngokuthe ngqo, kunokwenzeka ukuhluma ukhukhamba ukusuka ukusika, usebenzisa isiqhamo esivuthiweyo, esiphilayo. Sika icandelo eliphakathi, susa ulusu, kwaye ungcwabe inxalenye yembewu kumhlaba omanzi, kwindawo efudumeleyo, ekhanyiswe ngokungathanga ngqo, de kube kuvela amahlumela kunye neengcambu. Xa isityalo sele sikhulile, sitshintshele embizeni enkulu okanye kwisitiya sokugqibela.
Ubude bexesha lokulinywa nokuvuna
Umjikelo we cucumber umfutshane: phakathi kweentsuku ezingama-45 nama-55 ukususela ekuhlwayeleni ukuya ekuvuneniNgokugcina isityalo esisempilweni sikwimeko entle, unokuqhubeka nokuvuna malunga neentsuku ezingama-50 ngaphezulu. Isitshixo kwisivuno esihle kukukha iikomkom ngexesha elifanelekileyo. ngaphandle kokubavumela ukuba bavuthwe, ngaloo ndlela baqinisekisa ukuba bagcina ukuthungwa kwabo kunye nencasa entsha kunye nokuthintela isityalo ekunciphiseni imveliso yaso.
Ukuvuna, sebenzisa isikere esicocekileyo, esibukhali ukusika isiqhamo ngaphandle kokonakalisa isiqu okanye isityalo, unqande ukophuka okanye usulelo olunokuthi luthintele isivuno sexesha elizayo.
Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo zesityalo sekhukhamba
- Amagqabi kunye neziqu: Enkulu kwaye eluhlaza, ene-lobed okanye imo yentliziyo; isiqu sinokurhubuluza okanye ukunyuka, kuxhomekeke kwiindidi. Kuyacetyiswa ukuba kusetyenziswe izixhaso zokukhwela izityalo.
- Flores: tyheli, inkunzi nemazi, kubalulekile ekubunjweni kweziqhamo.
- Iziqhamo: ndede, cylindrical, kwaye luhlaza mnyama xa sele ivuthiwe. Ulusu lunokuba mtyibilizi okanye lube nemiqolo, kuxhomekeka kudidi.
- Ukukhula: izityalo zonyaka ezikhula ngokukhawuleza, zilungele imozulu efudumeleyo kunye nomhlaba ovuthuze kakuhle otyebileyo kwizinto eziphilayo.
- Iimfuno zamanzi kunye nokukhanya: Ukunkcenkceshela rhoqo kunye nelanga elipheleleyo lokukhula okufanelekileyo.
- Ukhathalelo lwendalo: Ziphephe izichumiso ezenziweyo kunye nezitshabalalisi, khetha ukujikeleziswa kwezityalo, umgquba owenziwe kakuhle kunye nolawulo lwebhayoloji ukugcina isityalo sisempilweni.
Ukukhulisa esi siqhamo ekhaya kunomvuzo kwaye kulula ukuba ulandela amanyathelo afanelekileyo, ukusuka ekukhetheni imbewu ukuya ekuvuneni. Ukunikela ingqalelo kwiimeko zomhlaba, ukunkcenkceshela, uthintelo lwezinambuzane kunye nezifo, kunye nokusebenzisa ubuchule be-organic kuya kukhokelela kwisityalo esinempilo, esineziqhamo ezitsha kunye nencasa engenakuthelekiswa nanto, kunye nokwaneliseka kokuba uzikhulisele ngokwakho.
