I-Podocarpus neriifolius: inkcazo, imvelaphi kunye neempawu zebhotani
I-Podocarpus neriifolius, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-oleander-leaved podocarp, yi-conifer yentsapho IPodocarpaceaeNgaphakathi kolu hlobo kukho malunga neentlobo ezili-100 zemithi kunye nezihlahlana ezisasazwe kwimimandla emikhulu yehlabathi, kuquka iAsia, iPasifiki, uMbindi noMzantsi Melika, iNew Zealand, iOstreliya, kunye neAfrika. Le yantlukwano iye yavumela ukuziqhelanisa yohlobo lwePodocarpus kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zemozulu kunye nemihlaba, ithanda ukusetyenziswa kwayo ngokuhombisa nangokusebenzayo ekulungisweni komhlaba nasegadini.
Indawo yokuhanjiswa kwendalo yePodocarpus neriifolius Ibanzi, ukusuka kwii-Himalaya ukuya eChina, eSoutheast Asia, eIndiya, eNepal, eMyanmar, eThailand, eLaos, eCambodia, eVietnam, eMalaysia, e-Indonesia, eBrunei, kwiiPhilippines, ePapua New Guinea, kwiiSolomon Islands naseFiji. Luhlobo oluthile i-monoecious kwaye ikhula ngokucothayo, kunye nesimo se-pyramidal esiqhelekileyo kunye ne-branching encinci xa iselula, enokufikelela kubude be-10 ukuya kwi-15 yeemitha kwiimeko zegadi, nangona kumahlathi ashinyeneyo kunye namahlathi ashinyeneyo anokugqithisa ezi xabiso.
Amagqabi alo mthi a-lanceolate, aluthwathwa kwaye aluhlaza oqaqambileyo. kwicala elingaphezulu, ngelixa elingaphantsi lithe kratya. Ubume kunye nokubunjwa kwamagqabi ayo kukhumbuza i-oleander (I-oeriander yaseNerium), elinika igama layo eliqhelekileyo. Umthambo wayo osembindini ubonakala ngokucacileyo kumacala omabini egqabi. Ixolo elingwevu-buntsundu, linemicu, kwaye lithanda ukugqabhuka, kwaye amasebe ahlala enwetshiwe kwaye alungelelaniswe ngokwee-whorls.
Ngokuphathelele umjikelo wayo wokuzalaI-Podocarpus neriifolius ivelisa iicones ezimthubi ezinde, ngelixa iicones zasemazi zivelisa iziqhamo eziluhlaza zokuhombisa kakhulu. Ezi zakhiwo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuveliseni kwayo, enokuthi iphunyezwe ngembewu okanye ukusika, nangona zombini iindlela zicotha ngokuphawulekayo.
Umthi wePodocarpus neriifolius ukhaphukhaphu kwaye utyheli ngombala., kwaye ixatyiswe kwiindawo ezininzi ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwayo. Kumazwe emvelaphi anje ngeKhambodiya, isetyenziselwa ukwakha kunye nokusetyenziswa kobugcisa okwahlukeneyo.
Ukusetyenziswa kokuhombisa kunye nokujonga umhlaba wePodocarpus neriifolius
I-oleander-leaved podocarp ixabiswa kakhulu kwigadi ngenxa yemvelaphi yayo, ukunqaba kunye nokuguquguquka.. Isetyenziswa rhoqo ngeendlela ezilandelayo:
- Umzekelo ohlukanisiweyo: Ukumila kwayo kwephiramidi kunye namagqabi kuyenza ifaneleke njengendawo ekugxilwe kuyo kuzo zombini iigadi zabucala nezikawonke-wonke.
- Ukwenziwa kweeheji kunye nezikriniAmagqabi ayo ashinyeneyo anika ubumfihlo kunye nokhuseleko lomoya, oko kuyenza ilungele iiperimitha okanye izahlulo zegadi yangaphakathi.
- Kulungelelwaniso lwedolophu: Ukukhula okucothayo kunye nokuziqhelanisa nokuthena kuvumela ukuba kutyalwe kwizitrato ezimxinwa kunye neendlela.
- Ukulima potted: Ingakhuliswa kwizikhongozeli ezinkulu, ezilungele iipatio, iidekhi kunye neendawo ezikhanyiswe kakuhle zangaphakathi.
Kwakhona, Kucetyiswa kakhulu kwiigadi zaselunxwemeni lweMeditera kunye nemimandla epholileyo, ngenxa yokumelana nempepho yetyuwa kunye nokwahluka kobushushu kwezi ndawo.
Ukukhanya okufanelekileyo kunye neemeko zobushushu
I-Podocarpus neriifolius iyaziqhelanisa neemeko ezininzi zokutshiswa lilangaIngakhula elangeni elipheleleyo okanye emthunzini, kodwa kukhethwa ukubonelela ngokukhanya kwendalo kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukukhuthaza ukukhula okuqinileyo nokunempilo. Nangona kunjalo, iyakumela kakuhle ukukhanya kwelanga okuncinci, nangona ukukhula kwayo kuya kuthanda ukucotha kwaye amahlamvu awo angabikho.
Ngokuphathelele amaqondo obushushu, Imelana nobushushu obuqhelekileyo behlobo laseMeditera kakuhle kwaye inyamezela ukukhanya, iqabaka yexesha elifutshane, kodwa ayiqhubi kakuhle kwiindawo apho ingqele iqatsele okanye iqhubeleka. Kubalulekile ukunqanda ukuba sesichengeni ixesha elide kumaqondo obushushu angaphantsi kweqanda.
Umhlaba kunye ne-substrate yokulima
I-Podocarpus neriifolius ayifuni kakhulu emhlabeni., ukuziqhelanisa noluhlu olubanzi lweentlobo zomhlaba, kuquka nemihlaba yecalcareous. Nangona kunjalo, ekusebenzeni kakuhle, umxube woku kulandelayo ukhethwayo:
- Umhlaba wegadi (njengesiseko esiphambili).
- Isanti erhabaxa (malunga ne-25%) ukuqinisekisa ukuthuthwa kwamanzi okulungileyo kwaye kuthintelwe ukugcwala kwamanzi.
- Umgquba okanye izinto eziphilayo (malunga nama-20%) ukuqinisekisa ukukhululeka kwezondlo.
Nangona ixhasa imihlaba eyahlukeneyo, ikhetha indawo epholileyo, enomoya omhle ukuphepha ukubola kweengcambu, eyona ngxaki iphambili ehambelana namanzi angaphezulu.
Ukunkcenkceshela kunye nokumelana nembalela
I-Podocarpus neriifolius igqame ngokuxhathisa kwayo okumangalisayo kwimbalela yakuba imisiweNangona kunjalo, kwiminyaka embalwa yokuqala emva kokutyala, okanye xa ikhulile embizeni, ukunkcenkceshela rhoqo kunconywa ukukhuthaza ukuhluma. Oku kulandelayo kuyacetyiswa:
- Ukunkcenkceshela okuphakathi ngexesha lokukhula okusebenzayo (intwasahlobo kunye nehlobo), ukwandisa kancinci ukuphindaphinda kwaye uhlala ulindele ukuba i-substrate yome phezu komhlaba ngaphambi kokunkcenkceshela kwakhona.
- Ukunciphisa ukunkcenkceshela ekwindla nasebusika, ukuphepha izikhukhula.
Ukunkcenkceshela ngokugqithisileyo kunokuba yingozi, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukulungisa ukunkcenkceshela kwimeko yemozulu yendawo kunye neemeko zokukhupha umhlaba okanye isitya esisetyenzisiweyo.
Isichumisi kunye nesondlo
Ukuchunyiswa kwe-oleander leaf podocarp kufuneka kulinganiswe kwaye ngaphandle kokugqithiswa.Ukusetyenziswa kwaminyaka yonke komgquba okanye isichumisi se-organic-release-release-release-organic-release-release-release-organic fertilizer kwanele, ngokukhethekileyo ekupheleni kobusika okanye phakathi ekwindla. Esi songezo siphucula ubume bomhlaba, sivuse i-microfauna eluncedo, kwaye sibe negalelo kuphuhliso lwamagqabi omelele ngakumbi nadlamkileyo. Kwimihlaba ehluphekileyo, inokuthi incediswe ngezichumisi zamaminerali, ngokulandela iingcebiso zomenzi.
Ukuthenwa: kwenziwa nini kwaye njani
Uqeqesho kunye nokugcinwa kokuthenwa kubalulekile ukugcina i-aesthetics kunye nempilo yePodocarpus neriifolius.. Kucetyiswa ukuba uyenze:
- Ebusika, ngaphambi kokuba ukukhula kwentwasahlobo kuqale.
- Amasebe anokucutshungulwa ukunika ubume bephiramidi, ukukhawulela ubungakanani okanye ukungalingani okuchanekileyo kumahlamvu.
- Kwiheji nakwizikrini, ukuthenwa rhoqo kuqinisekisa ukuxinana kwamagqabi kunye nomthamo ongcono wokuhlola.
Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa izixhobo ezibukhali kunye ne-disinfected ukukhusela ukungena kwezifo.
Iindyikitya zokufa nezifo
I-oleander leaf podocarp iqhelekile ukuxhathisa izinambuzane kunye nezifo.Iingxaki ezimandundu azifane zixelwe kwizityalo esele zimiselwe. Ngamanye amaxesha, kwiindawo ezifumileyo kakhulu okanye ezingagxothwanga kakuhle, ukungunda kweengcambu kunokubonwa. Olona thintelo lungcono kuku:
- Gwema ukufuma okugqithisileyo kwi-substrate.
- Susa amasebe omileyo okanye anesifo ngexesha lokuthena.
- Qwalasela imeko yempilo yomthi ngamaxesha athile.
Amayeza okubulala izinambuzane kunye nemichiza yokungunda kufuneka asetyenziswe kuphela xa kuyimfuneko kwaye phantsi kwengcebiso yengcali.
Ukusasazwa: imbewu kunye nokusikwa
I-Podocarpus neriifolius inokusasazwa ngembewu kunye nokusikwa.Ezi nkqubo zifuna umonde, njengoko ukukhula kucotha kakhulu kumanqanaba okuqala. Ukufumana izithole ezisemgangathweni, kuyacetyiswa:
- Imbewu: Ziqokelele kwiziqhamo ezivuthiweyo, zicoce, uze uzihlwayele kumhlaba ofumileyo, onomoya owaneleyo. Ukuntshula kunokuthatha iiveki okanye iinyanga.
- Ukusikwa: Thatha amacandelo e-semi-hardwood ngasekupheleni kwehlobo okanye ekuqaleni kwekwindla, ushiye ubuncinane amagqabi ambalwa phezulu. Tyala kwi-substrate exutywe nesanti kwaye uhlale ufumile de ube neengcambu.
Umonde ngundoqo kuzo zombini iintlobano zesini kunye nokuveliswa kwe-asexual, kodwa umvuzo uya kuba yinto ekhethekileyo kunye neyokuhlobisa.
IiCuriosities, ubutyhefu kunye nosetyenziso olongezelelweyo
I-Podocarpus neriifolius luhlobo oluxatyiswa kakhulu ngamaplanga ayo, ethambileyo, ekhaphukhaphu kwaye etyheli ngombala, esetyenziswa ekuchweleni nasekusetyenzisweni kwemveli kwalapha kumazwe awahlukeneyo aseAsia. Nangona ngokubanzi ayijongwa njengetyhefu, kuyacetyiswa ukuba uthintele ukusetyenziswa kwabantu kweziqhamo kunye nembewu yayo, kuba njengakwezinye iiconifers, ezinye iindawo zinokuba ne-alkaloids enokuba yingozi xa zityiswe kakhulu.
Ukukhula okucothayo kunye nenkangeleko entle yenze ukuba i-oleander-leaved podocarp ibe nokukhetha kuyo ukulima kwebhonsai Ngaphakathi kunye nakwiminyhadala njengenye indlela yendalo kwimithi yesintu. Ukomelela kwayo kunye nokuziqhelanisa nokulula kukwayibeke kwiipaki zezityalo nezasezidolophini, apho ukusebenza kwayo kuphononongwa phantsi kweendlela ezahlukeneyo zolondolozo.
Ezinye iintlobo ezifanelekileyo ze-genus Podocarpus
I-genus Podocarpus ibandakanya iintlobo ezinexabiso eliphezulu lokuhombisa kunye neempawu zendalo.Ezinye zezona zaziwa kakhulu nezilinywa kakhulu kunye neP. neriifolius zezi:
- IPodocarpus macrophyllus: Idume kakhulu njengesityalo sokuhombisa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwibhonsai.
- IPodocarpus elongatus: Umthi onenkangeleko entle kunye namagqabi amade, oxhaphakileyo egadini kwimimandla enemozulu epholileyo.
- Podocarpus dispermus, Podocarpus henkelii, Podocarpus glaucus, Podocarpus grayae kunye nePodocarpus latifolius, nganye ilungelelaniswe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zejografi kunye neendidi zegadi.
Uhlobo ngalunye lunegalelo kubuntu bayo kwimbonakalo yomhlaba, kodwa babelana nge ukuqina kunye nokuphila ixesha elide, kunye nokukwazi ukuziqhelanisa neemeko ezahlukeneyo zemozulu kunye nomhlaba.
Ukubeka iliso kunye nobuchwepheshe obusetyenziswa kukhathalelo lwePodocarpus neriifolius
Ukwenziwa kwezinto ezintsha kwezobuchwepheshe kwenze ukuba kube lula ukuphumeza izixhobo zokubeka iliso ezikrelekrele. kukhathalelo lwezityalo zokuhombisa ezifana nePodocarpus neriifolius. Kukho izinzwa ezikhethekileyo ezilinganisa iiparameters ezibalulekileyo njengokufuma komhlaba, ukukhanya, ubushushu kunye nokufuma, ukuququzelela ukuthathwa kwezigqibo ukugcina umthi ukwimeko efanelekileyo. Ezi zixhobo zobuchwepheshe ziluncedo kakhulu kwiigadi zasezidolophini kunye nabaqokeleli okanye abantu abanomdla wokuzilibazisa abafuna ulawulo oluchanekileyo kwiimfuno zeempawu zabo ezixabisekileyo.
Ukubeka iliso ngokufanelekileyo usebenzisa izixhobo zanamhlanje Ukunciphisa umngcipheko woxinzelelo lwamanzi, izifo kunye nokuququzelela uphuhliso lwezityalo ngaphandle kokuxhomekeka kuphela ekuqapheliseni ngokwemveli.
Ukuba ekugqibeleni uthathe isigqibo sokubandakanya i IPodocarpus neriifolius Yongeza kwisitiya sakho, kwaye uyakonwabela umthi obukekayo nowomelelayo okhula kancinci kodwa ozinzileyo, ofuna ukugcinwa okuncinci xa sele usekiwe kwaye unikezela ngexabiso lokuhombisa ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Ngokwazi kunye nokusebenzisa ukunakekelwa okuchanekileyo kwasekuqaleni, le conifer iya kwenza ubukho obuhlala buhlala, bokuqala, kunye nobuchule kuyo nayiphi na indawo eluhlaza.