Lo ngowona mgca ukhethekileyo ekunikezeni kwethu. Ingqokelela kunye ne iintlobo ezaziwa kakhulu kunye nezinye ze ukufumana entshange ukumelana ngcono y imibala enzuluUkuba ungathanda ulwazi oluninzi malunga neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeemephu, sicebisa ukuba undwendwele icandelo lethu iintlobo zeemephu.
Ngegama iimephu zaseJapan Sibhekisa kwiindidi zezinye iintlobo zezityalo zeAcer ezihlala kwimimandla yeentaba yaseJapan, eTshayina naseKorea, I-Acer palmatum, i-Acer japonicum, i-Acer pseudoseboldianum kunye ne-Acer shirashawanum.
Kwindawo yabo yokuhlala yendalo bakhona imithi emincinci ukuya kwephakathi Zikhula ikakhulu kumathambeka eentaba, ahlala enxulunyaniswa neminye imithi emikhulu enamagqabi avuthulukayo, njenge birch, beech, alder, nelarch. Ezi ndawo zokuhlala zibonisa ngokucacileyo zeziphi iimeko ezifanelekileyo kakhulu ngokomhlaba kunye nemozulu yeemephu zaseJapan.
Ngaloo ndlela sinokufumanisa ukuba zilungelelaniswe ngokwemfuza umhlaba owomileyo, ngokuyintabalala izinto eziphilayo ukusuka kuwa amagqabi, ukuya kwiimeko semi-isithunzi ngokwabelana ngokukhanya kunye nemithi emikhulu, esele iyindawo ene ukufuma okuphezulu. Kwaye kwakhona ukuba ingqele emandla Kwiinyanga zasebusika aziyi kuchaphazeleka, ekubeni kwindawo yazo yangaphambili zinokugqunywa kwikhephu ixesha elide.
Iimephu zaseJapan - ngokuchasene noko kuthethwa ngamanye amaxesha - azikho izityalo ezifuna kakhulu. umhlaba oneasidi kancinane, imeko ebakhuselayo kuyo ukomisa imimoya kunye nomboniso kwi semi-isithunzi -nakwilanga eligcweleyo nezona ntlobo zixhathisayo-ziimeko ezaneleyo kule mithi mincinci ingaqhelekanga ukunika a ubuntu obukhulu egadini.
Igadi yaseJapan eCligendael, eHague, eNetherlands
Iimaphu zaseJapan zafika eYurophu ngenkulungwane ye-19, kodwa kumazwe abo okuzalwa, bezikho kwimiyezo yamabhotwe ahloniphekileyo kunye neetempile kangangamakhulu eminyaka. Le mifanekiso ilandelayo yezinye iigadi ezintle zaseJapan ngumzekelo:
(Ungacofa iifoto ukuze ukwandise)
Xa sithetha ngeemaple sihlala sicinga malunga ubuhle bamagqabi ayo amancinane anelobe, kwimibala yayo emangalisayo netshintshayo nakuyo imilo entle, enamasebe alungele ukuhamba nempepho encinane. Kodwa akuqhelekanga ukuba sibakhumbule imbewu entle, iifowuni iisamara, ethi entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni yongeza umtsalane owongezelelweyo kule mithi mincinci imangalisayo. Kule mifanekiso ilandelayo, unokubona isampulu yala matye anqabileyo amancinci asinika wona iimaphu zaseJapan:
Ukuba uthanda iimephu zaseJapan, uya kufumana enye kwindawo yethu yokugcina abantwana. ingqokelela ebanzi yeendidi, ukusuka kwezona zidumileyo ukuya kwezinye ezisandul' ukuqaliswa. Le galari ilandelayo ibonisa ezinye kwezi sinazo:
Apha ngezantsi kukho uluhlu lweendidi esiziphetheyo. Igama ngalinye libonelela ngokufikelela kwifayile ekhutshelwayo ebandakanya Iifoto kunye Ulwazi olufanelekileyo kakhulu zodidi ngalunye. Ngokuphathelele ubungakanani obubonakaliswe kumaphepha edatha, siqwalasela oku emva kweminyaka eyi-10 okanye eyi-12 yokutyala emhlabeni egadini, ukususela kwizityalo ezineminyaka emi-3 okanye emi-4 ubudala. Ezi sayizi ziya kuba zincinci xa zikhulile imbiza yeentyatyambo okanye nini ithenwa Ukunciphisa ukukhula okanye ukuphucula i-branching, ukuthena akulimazi nje iimaphu kodwa kwakhona bayayixabisa ukulinganisa okanye ukugxininisa ubume bayo.
Kwikhonkco elilandelayo ungakhuphela i uluhlu lweentlobo ezikhoyo, equka iinkcukacha ngobukhulu bayo kunye nexabiso kwi-nursery. Unokujonga kwakhona inqaku lethu Ukukhetha iimephu zegadi yakho ukukunceda kukhetho lwakho.
Ukuba ufuna ukwenza iodolo nathi, nceda ufunde olu xwebhu kuqala: Imigaqo yokuthengisa kunye nokuThunyelwa.
Indawo yokubonisa imaple kwindawo yokugcina abantwana inika ithuba lokubona ukuba xa usityelele, ngokuqinisekileyo uya kuphangwa ngenxa yokhetho lwakho:
Ukunikezela ngamava angcono, sisebenzisa ubugcisa obufana necookies ukugcina kunye/okanye ukufikelela kulwazi lwesixhobo. Imvume kobu buchwepheshe iya kusivumela ukuba siqhubekekise idatha efana nokuziphatha okubrawuza okanye ukuchonga okukodwa kwesi siza. Ukungavumeli okanye ukurhoxisa imvume kunokuchaphazela kakubi izinto ezithile kunye nemisebenzi.
Sisebenzisa iikuki ukwenza umxholo kunye neentengiso, ukubonelela ngeempawu zemidiya yoluntu, kwaye sihlalutye itrafikhi yethu. Sikwabelana ngolwazi malunga nokusetyenziswa kwakho kwendawo yethu kunye namajelo eendaba ezentlalo, iintengiso, kunye namaqabane ohlalutyo, anokuthi ayidibanise nolunye ulwazi obanike lona okanye abaluqokelele ekusebenziseni kwakho iinkonzo zabo.
Ungawakhetha njani kwaye uwaqonde njani amaqela eMaple aseJapan
Ukukunceda ukhethe, sidibanisa i ukuhlelwa ngokusemthethweni ngamaqela ecultivar esetyenziswa ngabaqokeleli kunye nabaqokeleli. Inika iikhrayitheriya ezicacileyo kwi ukumila kwegqabi, umbala, ucango y ukuthungwa kwexoloApha ngezantsi ngamaqela abandakanyiweyo kwingqokelela yethu, enezona cultivars zimelwe kakhulu kunye namanqaku asebenzayo anokusetyenziswa egadini okanye embizeni:
IQELA 2. ATROPURPUREUM
Ibandakanya yonke imihlanganiselwa ekhulayo iphakanyisiwe ngamahlamvu obomvu, ngaphandle kwabo bakwiqela leLinearilobum okanye iqela lamaGqwirha Broom. Hybrid ezifana Acer Yasemin (shirasawanum x palmatum). Uhlobo lomhlanganisela lu Acer Bloodgood. Icetyiselwe ilanga elithambileyo eligcweleyo kunye nokunkcenkceshela okuzinzileyo ukugcina ubomvu obukhulu.
IQELA 3. AUREUM
Eli qela libonakaliswa ngamagqabi entwasahlobo tyheli okanye orenji eya kuthi ekugqibeleni ibe tyheli okanye luhlaza ehlotyeni. Iquka phantse ngokupheleleyo ukhetho kunye . Uhlobo lomhlanganisela lu Acer Katsura, eminye imizekelo I-Acers Summergold y Shirasawanum Jordan, eyaziwa ngokuba yimvelaphi yomxube. Ilungele ukukhanya okuhluziweyo ukuphepha ukutsha kwehlobo.
IQELA 4. I-CONVEXUM
Abaninzi kweli qela basuka imvelaphi yomxube, ebonisa eyomeleleyo impembelelo ye-shirasawanum. ngumzekelo owaziwayo obonisa uphawu oluphambili, i i-convex lobes. Uyilo kakhulu kwi Uyilo lwangoku.
IQELA 5. CORALLINUM
Ezi mephu zibonisa iithowuni opinki oqaqambileyo entwasahlobo. ngumzekelo omhle. Imihlanganiselwa kweli qela ibonakala ivela kwi. Bayabonelela ukuchasana kwentwasahlobo kwiintyatyambo kunye neerockeries.
IQELA 6. UKRISPUM
Eli qela libonakaliswa yi-acers ye amagqabi amancinci, ashwabeneyo iilobe ezintlanu. Ngamanye amaxesha bajongwa njengeencinci (kolunye ukuhlelwa kweqela le-Dwarf), kodwa Acer 'Shishigashira' inokufikelela ngokulula iimitha ezintathu nangaphezulu. Ukhetho olukhulu kunye nesitya esikhulu.
IQELA 7. I-DISSECTUM
IQELA 8. UMGCA WOKUGQIBELA
IQELA 9. MATSUMURAE
IQELA 10. MARGINATUM
IQELA 11. IPALMATUM
IQELA 13.- INKUNZI EBOMVU Las amasebe abomvu aqaqambileyo okanye iorenji ichaza imihlanganiselwa yeli qela, ukuba Acer Sango-kaku (ekwaziwa njengeSenkaki) owona mhlanganisela waziwa kakhulu. Ukuba buthathaka ukufa kwamasebe Oku kunokuba yingxaki kweli qela. Ngolwazi oluthe kratya, nceda ujonge inqaku lethu Amagqabi aBrown kwi-Acer palmatum. Ezinye iintlobo zeli qela ziquka: Aka Shigitatsu Sawa, Aka Kawa Hime (Coral Bark), Beni Kawa, Eddisbury o Idangatye lasebusika. Banegalelo umdla wasebusika ngokungaqhelekanga.
IQELA LE-14. IRETIKULATUM
IQELA 15. SESSILIFOLIUM
IQELA LE-16. I-VARIEGATED
IQELA LE-17 AMAGQWALA AMAGQWIRI (AMAGQIRHA)
Imephu yaseJapan, iAcer palmatum
Iindidi zeemaphu zaseJapan.
Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, ngaphakathi kwe Acer palmatum singadibana kunye iintlobo ezahlukeneyo nokuba ngamnye uya kuba nencasa yakhe. Kuqikelelwa ukuba zikho ngaphezu kwe 1.000 cultivars Imaple yaseJapan, ekwabizwa ngokuba yimaple yepalmate, imephu yepalmate, okanye imephu yepolymorph.
Bakhe ezinqunqa zivela iifom zepalmate kunye nemibala okanye i-shades yahluke kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke kwicultivar esinayo, kunye nokuphakama kwayo xa sele ikhulile, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba ukhetha iintlobo ezahlukeneyo oko kuzifanele iimfuno zakho.
Iindidi ze Imephu yaseJapan, ngaphandle kokusetyenziswa kwi imihombiso yegadi, zikwasetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukwakheka kwebhonsai, ke ngezihlandlo ezithile, sidla ngokufaka kwi-nursery yethu ezinye iindidi ezinqabileyo okanye i-maple enqabileyo yasejaponic.
Ukukhokela ukhetho: Ukuhlawulwa Zezona zithembekileyo kwilanga elipholileyo; Ukusasazwa kwangoko Isithokothoko kwaye zifanelekile kwi-rockery okanye kwithambeka; Iinkuni eziBomvu banegalelo umbala ebusika; i Ezahlukeneyo imfuno ukukhanya okuhluziweyo ukugcina i-variegation; kunye neentlobo ezifana A. pseudoseboldianum ume ngaphandle kwabo ukumelana nokubanda kwiimozulu ezinobusika obunzima.
Ukhathalelo lweemaphu zaseJapan.
Ku iimephu zaseJapan Bayabathanda imihlaba echumileyo que Hayi sean calcareous kwaye ube sisityebi kwi izinto eziphilayo. I indawo kukhethwa ukuba kube njalo ikhululekile kwaye inzulu, kubalulekile ukuba ibe ne- umjelo olungileyo, ekubeni ayikunyamezeli ukukhutshwa kwamanzi ixesha elide.
nika Ukunkcenkceshela rhoqo, ukufikelela yandise ngamaxesha ashushu lonyaka, kodwa ngaphandle kokukhukula. Amanzi e ubutyuwa obuphantsi okanye imvula inceda ukuphepha i-necrosis ephantsi kumagqabi abuthathaka.
Imaple yaseJapan yi isityalo sangaphandle ukuba ungatyala kuyo jardín okanye kwi Umtyali kwaye kuya kufuneka ufumane okulungileyo ukuchayeka, ukuze iimephu zakho zibe ukhuselwe kwelona langa linamandla yosuku kwaye ikhuselwe kwi imisinga yomoya desiccants ngaphezulu, ukuphepha ukutsha kunokwenzeka emagqabini.
Fumana yena indawo enomthunzi okanye enomthunzi, apho inokugcinwa ipholile ngandlel’ ithile. Badla ngokubambelela ngokubanzi amaqondo obushushu angaphantsi kwe-zero ngexesha lokuphumla kwasebusika, kuxhomekeke kwiindidi. A edinwe i-organic igcina ukufuma kwaye ikhusela iingcambu.
Kwimigqomo, sebenzisa i-aerated substrates: umxube we i-peat okanye i-coconut fiber nge iperlite/pumice kwaye ezinye ze Akadama ukwenzela uzinzo. Ziphephe iimbiza ezinkulu kakhulu ekuqaleni; imbiza rhoqo 2-3 ngamaxesha ebusika.
Indawo kunye nemozulu yemephu yaseJapan
Iimaphu zaseJapan zikhula kakuhle microclimates epholileyonge ukufuma kunye nokhuseleko lwe umoya owomileyo. Kwiindawo eziselunxwemeni ezinempepho yetyuwa, beka izikrini zezityalo. Kwimozulu engaphakathi elizweni enehlobo elishushu, zibeke impuma okanye emantla kwaye uyabonelela ukunkcenkceshela.
La imitha yelanga okufanelekileyo kuxhomekeke kwiqela: abo bamagqabi green ukunyamezela ilanga elipholileyo; yellow/variegated funa ukukhanya okuhluziweyo; i bomvu Zifuna iiyure ezaneleyo zasemini ukuze zigcine umbala wazo webala. Okukhona iphezulu i-altitude okanye i-latitude, kokukhona ukuba sesichengeni selanga banokukwamkela.
Ukunkcenkceshela iMaple yaseJapan
Injongo kukugcina i-substrate ukufuma ngokulinganayo ngaphandle kokuhlutha. Ukunkcenkceshela okunzulu kunye nezithuba kukhetha ukunkcenkceshela imihla ngemihla. Ehlotyeni, a isigcina-kufuma I-5-8 cm (i-litter yamagqabi, i-bark) inciphisa ukuvela komphunga. Kwiimbiza, khangela ubunzima bembiza kwaye usebenzise iipleyiti ezincinci ezingenamanzi amileyo.
Umhlaba okanye i-substrate yemephu yaseJapan
Bakhetha imihlaba i-acidic kancinci (pH 5,5-6,5) kunye kungene umoyaKwimihlaba yealkaline, lungisa nge i-iron chelates kunye nezinto eziphilayo. Xa utyala, yimba umngxuma obanzi, ukhulule umhlaba, kwaye udibanise umgquba ovuthiweyo kwaye uphephe ukungcwaba intamo yesityalo.
Ukuthena iMaple yaseJapan
Ukuthena kulinganiselwe ukwakheka okuthambileyo, ukucocwa kwe iinkuni ezifileyo kunye nokuphuculwa kolwakhiwo. Bangenelela ekupheleni kwe ebusika okanye ekuqaleni ehlobo (xa ukuhamba kwencindi kunciphisa ukopha). Kuphephe ukuthenwa ngokugqithisileyo; beka phambili amanxeba acocekileyo kwii-buds ezijoliswe ngokuchanekileyo.
Ukuchumisa iAcer palmatum
Sebenzisa izichumisi ukusuka ukukhululwa okucothayo ilungelelene ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo. Embizeni, tshintshana nayo izichumisi ezithambileyo zolwelo ngexesha lonyaka. Yiphephe initrogen eninzi ebangela ukuhluma okuthambileyo ichaphazeleka lilanga nomoya. Uyabonelela intsimbi ukuba i-chlorosis ibonakala.
Ukuvelisa kwakhona iMaple yaseJapan
Ukuveliswa kobuchwephesha kwenziwa ngu Ukumiliselwa ukugcina umhlanganiselwa uyinyaniso. Kwakhona kunokwenzeka nge Uluhlu kumasebe aguquguqukayo kwaye imbewu (i-stratification ebandayo), nangona le yokugqibela ingazigcini iimpawu zomhlanganisela. Kwi-bonsai, zisetyenziswa iinqumle zesemi-wood ehlotyeni phantsi kokufuma okulawulwayo.
Izinambuzane eziqhelekileyo kunye nezifo
- Amangolwane kunye nesigcawu esibomvu: amagqabi anombala weendiza kwindawo eyomileyo kakhulu; uyaphakama umswakama kwaye usebenzise isepha ye-potassium okanye ii-acaricides ezithile.
- Zintwala: amagqabi ancangathi; lawula nge Amarhamncwa okanye unyango oluthambileyo.
- Indlu yomthi: kwiimbambo; susa ngesandla kwaye uqinise nge iioli zehorticultural.
- Umngundo womphunga: mhlophe kwisithunzi esishinyeneyo; ukuphuculwa umoya ongenisa umoya kwaye usebenzise imichiza yokungunda ukuba kuyimfuneko.
- i-verticillium wilt: i-vascular fungus kwimihlaba edibeneyo; inqanda nge inkqubo yogutyulo kwaye uphephe amanxeba eengcambu.
Iindidi zemaple yaseJapan
Phakathi kwezona zikhetho zidumileyo ngokuthembeka kwazo kunye nesiphumo sobuhle: Igazi (ubomvu obuzinzileyo, amandla aphakathi), Trompenburg (i-convex blade kunye nomfanekiso oqingqiweyo), Seiryu (i-dissectum emile, ukuthungwa okuhle kakhulu), UKatsura (igolide/intyatyambo epinki), Sango-kaku (amasebe ekorale), Ukigumo (Kunamafu variegated), Butterfly (imida yekhilimu), Shishigashira (igqabi elijikajikayo) kunye Jordan (ikalika tyheli). Kwimozulu ebanda kakhulu, A. pseudoseboldianum kwaye uwela kunye shirasawanum banegalelo Umelele eyongezelelweyo.
Kwiindawo ezincinci, khetha Amagqwirha Broom y Ukusasazwa ngendlela yokulila; ulungelelwaniso okanye iindawo ekugxilwe kuzo, khetha Ukuhlawulwa ukukhula okuthe tye; kunye nokugqama ebusika, dibanisa Iinkuni eziBomvu ngexolo lekorale.
Ukuba ucinga ngokufumana enye, nikela ingqalelo kula macebiso alandelayo.
Imephu yaseJapan, iAcer palmatum
Iindidi zeemaphu zaseJapan.
Phinda umgaqo osisiseko: khetha ngokukhanya, umhlaba kunye nemozuluAmaqela achazwe ngasentla aya kukukhokela ngombala kunye nokubonakala; iinkcukacha zethu ezahlukeneyo sheet ubude obuqikelelweyo, izinga lokukhula y iimfuno. Ngolwazi oluthe vetshe, ndwendwela iphepha lethu malunga.
Ukhathalelo lweemaphu zaseJapan.
Khusela ukuba sesichengeni somoya owomileyo, khusela i-rootball nge-mulch, khangela pH kwaye, embizeni, buyisela i-20-30% ye-substrate ngexesha ngalinye. A ukunkcenkceshela ngomdwelisi wenkqubo yenza lula ulondolozo.
Kwi-nursery yethu engaphakathi kweGalicia, sifikelela kumaqondo obushushu angaphezu kwe-7ºC ebusika kunye neeqabaka ezithile, ngoko iya kuba sisityalo esilungileyo. lukhuni ilungele ukutshintshwa.
Imaple yaseJapan yenye yeenkwenkwezi ezingathandabuzekiyo zegadi, iindawo eziluhlaza, kunye neebhalkhoni kwihlabathi liphela. Iimpawu zayo amagqabi esundu, eziye zibe shushu kwaye zibe nomtsalane amathoni abomvu ekwindla, ngowona mqondiso waziwa kakhulu kwaye uxatyiswa kakhulu, yiyo loo nto isoloko ikhethwa ukunika ubomi kunye nomtsalane kwizitrato nakwiindlela. Enyanisweni, akukho nzima ukuba nayo ekhaya ukuba uyayazi Ukunyamekela imaple yaseJapan kunye neentlobo zayo.