Oku kusenokwenzeka ukuba kwenzeke kuwe: Izityalo zakho zifumana ukukhanya okuhle, uzinkcenkceshela ngononophelo, kodwa ziqala ukuwohloka.Amagqabi awileyo, iingcambu ezibunileyo, kunye nokubonakala ngathi "Andisenakukwazi ukunyamezela." Ingxaki ayisoloko ibangelwa ngamanzi okanye lilanga, kodwa yinto esidla ngokuyithatha lula: i-substrate“Umhlaba” owufaka embizeni, eneneni, yindalo entsonkothileyo apho phantse yonke into ixhomekeke khona.
Kunokuba yinto elula yokuzalisa, Isiseko sesiseko esibalulekileyo apho iingcambu ziphefumla khona, zondle, kwaye zibambelele khona.Ukusebenzisa umhlaba wegadi okanye ingxowa yomxube wembiza oqhelekileyo ngaphandle kokuqwalasela isityalo esithile yenye yezona mpazamo zixhaphakileyo xa uqala ukulima. Ewe, kunokwenzeka ngokupheleleyo ukubulala isityalo ngokukhetha indawo yokukhulisa engafanelekanga, nokuba yonke enye indlela yokunyamekela ichanekile.
Yintoni kanye kanye i-substrate kwaye kutheni ufanele ukhathalele?
Kwigadi, xa sithetha nge-substrate sibhekisa kuyo umxube wezinto ezizalisa iimbiza zakho zeentyatyambo kwaye zisebenza njengekhaya leengcambuAsingomhlaba nje othathwe emhlabeni, kodwa liqela lezinto ezikhethiweyo ukuze zinike intuthuzelo, uzinzo, kunye nendawo efanelekileyo yokukhula. Ngandlela thile, "ngumqamelo" apho isityalo siphumla khona kwaye sikhula khona.
Loo medium kufuneka ivumele iingcambu zinza kakuhle, zifikelele emanzini, zifumane izondlo, kwaye zikwazi ukufaka ioksijini ngaphandle kweengxakiUkuba isiseko sincinci kakhulu, asilunganga, okanye asilungelelananga kakuhle, nokuba unkcenkceshela kwaye ufaka umgquba kangakanani, isityalo asisayi kukwazi ukusebenzisa kakuhle oko usinike kona, kwaye siya kuhlala singakhuli okanye ekugqibeleni sife.
Cinga nge-substrate njenge inkqubo yenkxaso engathethiyoIgcina isityalo sime nkqo, ilawula ulungelelwaniso phakathi komswakama nomoya, kwaye igcina ezinye zezondlo eziza kukhutshwa kancinci kancinci. Konke oku ngaphandle kokuba ukubone, kodwa kwenza umahluko omkhulu phakathi kwesityalo esimangalisayo nesityalo esihlala siqhwalela.
Yiyo loo nto xa ukhetha i-substrate elungileyo, ngokwenene wenza umahluko. ukuyila indawo apho iingcambu ziya kuhlala khonaKwaye iingcambu, nangona zingabonakali, zinempembelelo enkulu kunokuba sicinga: ukuba zikhululekile, inxalenye esemoyeni phantse isoloko isabela kakuhle.
Imisebenzi ephambili ye-substrate ekukhuleni kwezityalo
Xa ujonga okokuqala, i-substrate ibukeka ngathi ngumxube nje omdaka othambileyo. Kodwa eneneni, Izalisekisa imisebenzi emininzi ngaxeshanyeUkuba enye yazo iyasilela, izityalo zakho zihlala ziqala ukubonisa iimpawu zoxinzelelo: amagqabi atyheli, ukukhula okukhawulezileyo, iingcambu ezibolileyo okanye ezomileyo…
Umsebenzi wokuqala kukubonelela isakhiwo kunye nenkxaso ebonakalayoIingcambu zifuna into yokubamba ukuze isityalo singagungqi, kodwa loo "nto" ayinakuba yibhloko eqinileyo. Kufuneka yenziwe ngamasuntswana anobukhulu obahlukeneyo ashiya izithuba ezincinci zangaphakathi zomoya namanzi.
Ukongeza, i-substrate isebenza njenge indawo yokugcina amanzi kunye nezondlo okwethutyanaIgcina umswakama ovela ekunkcenkceshelweni ukuze iingcambu zikwazi ukuwufunxa kancinci kancinci, endaweni yokuwufumana wonke ngaxeshanye kwaye ulahlekelwe nguwo ngoko nangoko. Kwenzeka okufanayo nakwizichumisi: ezinye ziyagcinwa kwaye zikhutshwe kancinci kancinci.
Okokugqibela, i-substrate ibalulekile i-oksijini yeengcambuNangona kusenokubonakala kumangalisa, iingcambu nazo kufuneka ziphefumle. Ukuba iimbobo zesiseko zigcwele amanzi kwaye umoya awukwazi ukungena, ziya kunqongophala ioksijini, nto leyo ekhokelela kwiingxaki ezinje ngokufunxa iingcambu, ukukhula kwefungus, kunye nokubola.
Umoya kunye nokukhupha amanzi: iyeza lokulwa nokuxinana kwamanzi
Enye yezona mpazamo zixhaphakileyo kukucinga ukuba okukhona i-substrate ihlala imanzi ixesha elide, kokukhona ingcono. Enyanisweni, I-substrate elungileyo kufuneka ikhuphe amanzi angaphezulu lula kwaye sebenzisa kuphela umlinganiselo ofanelekileyo. Ukuba amanzi aqokelelana, loo mbiza iba ngumgxobhozo omncinci weengcambu.
Xa ubona isityalo esinamagqabi awileyo, imiphetho emdaka, okanye ivumba elingaqhelekanga xa ushukumisa umhlaba, kusenokwenzeka ukuba Ingxaki ikwindawo engenamoya ngokwaneleyo kwaye amanzi angangeni ngokwaneleyo.Ukuqokelelana kwamanzi rhoqo kususa umoya kwiimbobo, kwaye iingcambu zishiywa zingaphefumli.
Yiyo loo nto kusetyenziswa izinto ezinje. i-perlite, igrabile yentaba-mlilo, udongwe olwandisiweyo okanye i-akadama kwiingxube ezininzi. Ezi ngceba ziqinileyo nezinemingxuma zenza iingxowa zomoya kwaye zivumela amanzi angaphezulu ukuba aphume ngemingxunya yokukhupha amanzi embizeni.
Umxube olungileyo wokwenza iimbiza ezithengiswayo udla ngokudityaniswa ifayibha yekhokhonathi kunye ne-perlite Ukuphucula umoya nokuthintela ukugcwala kwamanzi. Olu hlobo lomxube luvumela amanzi ukuba ahambe nzulu, ngelixa lusashiya iingxowa zomoya ezaneleyo ukuze iingcambu ziphefumle ngaphandle kokuxinana.
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kunye nezondlo: isiphumo sesiponji sisetyenziswe kakuhle
Kwelinye icala lesikali kukho amandla e-substrate okwenza gcina amanzi kunye nezondlo ngaphandle kokuba ludakaIngcamango apha kukuba umxube usebenza njengesiponji: ufunxa oko kufunekayo uze ukwenze ufumaneke kwisityalo ixesha elithile.
Izinto ezifana ifayibha yekhokhonathi, ipeat kunye neembungu Zinamandla amakhulu okugcina umswakama, kwaye kwangaxeshanye, zigcina izondlo zifumaneka kwiingcambu. Olu hlobo lwemixube lufumaneka rhoqo kwizityalo zendalo, ezenzelwe ukugcina isityalo simanzi kwaye sondliwe kakuhle.
Ukuba ukhulisa iintlobo ezixabisa ukufuma okungaguqukiyo, ezifana neefern ezininzi okanye ezinye izityalo zasekhaya ezikwindawo eshushu, uya kuba nomdla wokuxuba ukugcinwa kwamanzi amaninzi kodwa kusoloko kuhamba kunye nokukhupha amanzi kakuhleNangona kunjalo, nge-cacti, i-succulents, kunye nezityalo ezininzi zaseMeditera, kuyacetyiswa ukunciphisa amandla okugcina izityalo ukuze i-substrate yome ngokukhawuleza.
Ibhalansi phakathi kokugcina amanzi nokuwayeka ahambe, ngokwenyani, imfihlakalo enkulu yesiseko esenziwe kakuhleUkugcinwa kwamanzi amaninzi kuya kubangela ukubola; ukuba amanzi mancinci kakhulu, iingcambu ziya komisa ngokukhawuleza, nto leyo eya kukwenza usoloko unkcenkceshela.
Umahluko phakathi kwe-substrate, umhlaba, kunye nezinye iindawo zokukhulisa izityalo
Kuqhelekile kakhulu ukuxuba iingcamango uze ucinge ukuba Umhlaba, i-substrate, kunye nezinye izityalo ezikhulayo ziyafanaKodwa xa kusenziwa, akunjalo. Ukuqonda lo mahluko kukusindisa kwiingxaki ezininzi ngeengcambu ezixineneyo, izinambuzane, kunye neengxaki zokukhupha amanzi.
Xa sithetha nge-substrate yokumba izimbiza, sibhekisa kwi umxube owenzelwe ukukhulisa izikhongozeliYenzelwe ukuba ibe lula, inomoya, igcine amanzi kakuhle kwaye, kwangaxeshanye, ikhuphe amanzi kakuhle. Ayisiyonto nje yomhlaba wegadi, kodwa yindibaniselwano yezinto ezininzi ezikhethiweyo.
Kwelinye icala, umhlaba oqhelekileyo wangaphandle udla ngokuba inzima kakhulu kwaye iyaguquguquka ngakumbiIngachuma emhlabeni, apho kukho ubunzulu kunye nobomi obuninzi beentsholongwane, kodwa embizeni iyaqina lula, ilahlekelwe yimingxunya, kwaye igqibela ngokufuthanisela iingcambu. Ngaphezu koko, inokuthwala imbewu yokhula engafunekiyo, iintsholongwane, okanye iityuwa eziqokelelweyo.
Emva koko sinezinye iindlela zenkcubeko ezifana imixube ekhethekileyo yezityalo ezithanda i-bonsai, i-cacti okanye i-asidiKulapho ke izinto ezifana ne-akadama, i-kiryuzuna, udongwe olugobileyo, igrabile, okanye i-kanuma zisebenza khona, zenzelwe ukubonelela ngezakhiwo ezikhupha amanzi amaninzi nezihlala ixesha elide ezineempawu ezithile zeekhemikhali (ezifana ne-pH ene-asidi engaphezulu). Ngokukodwa, ukuba unomdla wokufunda okungakumbi malunga i-kanuma kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayoKukho izikhokelo ezithile ezichaza oku.
Kukwakho nezinto ezisetyenziselwa ukusetyenziswa ezingenanto yakwenza nezityalo, ezifana umgangatho wefayibha yekhokhonathi kwiindawo ezirhubuluzayoNangona zabelana ngezinto ezifanayo, injongo yazo yahlukile, kwaye azisebenzi ngendlela efanayo xa zisetyenziselwa ukulima iimbiza. Indlela nganye yenzelwe injongo ethile kunye nohlobo oluthile engqondweni.
Ezona zinto zixhaphakileyo ze-substrate kunye noko nganye inegalelo kuko
Ukuze uqonde ukuba kutheni zonke izinto ezixutyiweyo zingenakulungele yonke into, kuyanceda ukwazi ukuba isithako ngasinye esiqhelekileyo se-substrate sinegalelo entwenini. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukudibanisa izinto kunye nemisebenzi ehambelanayoEzinye zibonelela ngesakhiwo, ezinye zigcina amanzi kunye nezondlo, ezinye zibonelela ngomoya…
Oko kubizwa ngokuba ngumhlaba omnyama okanye umhlaba ongaphezulu kudla ngokusetyenziswa njenge isiseko sezinto eziphilayoInika ukuchuma kokuqala kunye nokuthungwa okuncinci, kodwa ngokwayo inokuba yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ngoko ke idityaniswe nezinye izinto eziphula loo xinano.
Ifayibha yekhokhonathi iye yaba yinkwenkwezi kuba Igcina amanzi amaninzi kodwa ihlala ilula kwaye inomoya.Ivela kwimithombo evuselelekayo (iikhakha zekhokhonathi) kwaye isakhiwo sayo sinceda iingcambu zihambe ngokulula, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe sisithako esiqhelekileyo kwimixube yeembiza esemgangathweni ophezulu, ebanzi, neyindalo. Ukuba ujonge iifomyula ezifanelekileyo kwiintlobo ezibuthathaka, jonga izikhokelo malunga [nesihloko esithile esingekhoyo]. ii-substrates zezityalo ezithambileyo.
I-Perlite kunye ne-vermiculite zizinto ezingabonakaliyo ezilula kakhulu ezingasetyenziswanga. Ziphucula kakhulu indlela yokukhupha amanzi kunye nokungena komoyaI-Perlite, ngakumbi, idala iimbobo ezininzi zomoya, ezifanelekileyo ukuvumela amanzi angaphezulu ukuba ajikeleze ngokukhululekileyo kwaye kuthintele iingcambu ekumitheni. Ukongeza, i-Vermiculite igcina umswakama kunye nezondlo ezingaphezulu.
Iimbungu ezicoliweyo kunye ne-compost zisebenza njenge imithombo enamandla yezinto eziphilayo kunye nezondloZibonelela ngeentsholongwane eziluncedo kwaye ziphucula ulwakhiwo lwe-substrate, zonyusa amandla ayo okugcina amanzi ngaphandle kokuyiqinisa ukuba isetyenziswa ngomlinganiselo ofanelekileyo.
Kwimixube yobugcisa ngakumbi, ingakumbi kwi-bonsai okanye iingqokelela ezifuna amandla, izixhobo ezifana i-akadama, i-kiryuzuna, udongwe oluxutyiweyo oluxotyulweyo, udongwe olwandisiweyo, igrabile okanye i-kanumaZonke zibalasele ngokukhupha amanzi kakuhle, uzinzo lwazo ngokuhamba kwexesha, kwaye kwezinye iimeko, ngeempawu zazo ezithile zeekhemikhali (umzekelo, i-acidic pH).
Kutheni umhlaba omnye ungafanelekanga kuzo zonke izityalo?
Enye yezinto ezimangalisayo xa uchithe ixesha elide nezityalo kukuba Akukho substrate epheleleyo yendalo yonke esebenza kuyo yonke intoIqela ngalinye lezityalo lineempawu zalo: ezinye zifuna ukufuma okungakumbi, ezinye azifuni amanzi angamiyo, ezinye zifuna umhlaba one-asidi, kwaye ezinye zinyamezela imixube ye-calcareous.
I-Cacti kunye nezinye izityalo ezinamagqabi amaninzi, umzekelo, ziyazithanda imixube ekhululekileyo kakhulu nekhupha amanziUkuba uzityala kwindawo egcina amanzi amaninzi, iingcambu ziya kubola lula. Kwezi meko, i-organic component (umxube omncinci we-potato okanye i-humus) idla ngokudityaniswa nee-mineral components ezininzi: isanti erhabaxa, i-gravel, i-perlite, udongwe olugobileyo, njl. Ukuze ufumane iifomyula ezithile, jonga isikhokelo malunga i-substrate efanelekileyo ye-cacti.
Kwelinye icala, iintlobo ezifana iifern, iimonsters, kunye nezityalo ezininzi zasekhaya zaseTropiki Bakhetha ii-substrates ezigcina umswakama othile, kodwa zingagcwali. Imixube etyebileyo kwizinto eziphilayo (ifayibha yekhokhonathi, i-peat, umgquba, i-humus) enenxalenye yezinto zokukhupha amanzi isebenza kakuhle, ukuze amanzi angaze amile kakhulu.
Ukukhethwa kwe-substrate kuyatshintsha ngokuxhomekeke kwi imozulu kunye nendawo oza kubeka kuyo isityaloKwithala elishushu kakhulu nelomileyo, kuya kufuneka udibanise izinto ezinokugcina amanzi amaninzi, kuba i-substrate iya koma ngokukhawuleza. Kwiindawo ezipholileyo okanye ezingenamoya ungako, kwelinye icala, i-substrate ekhaphukhaphu nekhupha amanzi kakuhle inokuba yeyona ingcono ukuthintela iingxaki zefungus.
Nokuba imilo kunye nobukhulu bembiza bubalulekile: izikhongozeli ezinganzulu kakhulu, ezifana nezo zisetyenziselwa ukwenza i-bonsai okanye iibhalbhuZifuna ukunkcenkceshelwa rhoqo kwaye zifuna imixube engagcwali manzi, kuba ikholamu yesiseko incinci kwaye igcwala ngokukhawuleza. Kwiimbiza ezinde nezinzulu, amanzi athatha ixesha elide ukuphuma kwimigca esezantsi.
Izinto ezisetyenziswa kwihlabathi liphela nezabaqalayo: ixesha lokuzisebenzisa kunye nexesha lokungazisebenzisi.
Ukuba usaqala, kuyavakala ukuba ucinge ngento elula uze usebenzise isiseko esisemgangathweni esisemgangathweniZiingxubevange ezilungeleleneyo, ezenzelwe ukusebenza kakuhle neentlobo ngeentlobo zezityalo zangaphakathi nezangaphandle, lo gama nje zingaxhomekekanga kakhulu kwiimfuno zazo.
I-substrate elungileyo yendalo yonke idla ngokudibana Umhlaba ongaphezulu okanye ipeat, ifayibha yekhokhonathi kunye neperliteOlu xube lubonelela ngesiseko sezondlo, ukugcinwa kwamanzi okwamkelekileyo, kunye nokukhupha amanzi ngendlela efanelekileyo. Kwizityalo ezininzi zasekhaya (imingxuma, izityalo zesigcawu, iidracaena, ezinye izityalo ezithambileyo) zanele, ingakumbi ukuba ulumkile xa unkcenkceshela.
Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukucacisa ukuba Ayizizo zonke izinto ezisetyenziswa kwihlabathi liphela ezisemgangathweni ofanayo.Ezinye ziza zonakele kakhulu, zixinene, okanye zinepeat eninzi kakhulu, nto leyo ebangela ukuba iingxowa zibukeke njengodaka emva kweeveki ezimbalwa. Kwezo meko, ungaziphucula ngokongeza i-perlite eyongezelelweyo okanye i-coconut fiber ukuze wonyuse umoya.
Abo bafuna into enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo, kukho iindlela zokukhetha i-ecology substrates Zenziwe ngezinto ezifana ne-coconut fiber, umgquba, kunye ne-peat esemgangathweni ophezulu, ezi mveliso zihlala zibonelela ngokugcinwa komswakama okuhle kunye nesondlo esithambileyo kodwa esihlala sihleli, nto leyo ezenza zilungele iigadi zasezidolophini okanye iibhedi zeentyatyambo.
Ukuba uza kuthatha amanyathelo akho okuqala, icebo elihle kukuba Qala ngeyomgangatho oqhelekileyo kwaye uyilungiselele kancinci. Kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesityalo: i-perlite kunye negravel engaphezulu kwi-cacti, i-worm castings engaphezulu kunye ne-coconut fiber kwizityalo ezifuna izityalo zase-tropical, njl. Ngale ndlela unciphisa umngcipheko ngaphandle kokufuna ukuba nzima kakhulu ngeefomyula zobugcisa obuphezulu.
Imizekelo esebenzayo: imixube ekhupha amanzi amaninzi kunye nokunkcenkceshela kakhulu
Abanye abantu abathanda izinto ezinje, ukuqinisekisa ukuba abanazo iingxaki zokungunda okanye ukubola, bakhetha ukusebenzisa imixube ekhupha amanzi kakhulu esekelwe phantse ngokupheleleyo kwizinto zemineraliUmzekelo oqhelekileyo ubonakala kwiingqokelela ze-bonsai nakwiindawo ezishushu kakhulu.
Kwiindawo ezomileyo ezifana neMadrid's, apho ihlobo litshisa kakhulu kwaye linomswakama omncinci, kulula kakhulu ukukhulisa izityalo kwiimbiza ezinganzulu kakhulu kusetyenziswa izinto ezidityaniswe kakhulu i-akadama, i-kiryuzuna, udongwe oluxutyiweyo oluqokelelweyo, udongwe olwandisiweyo, igrabile, kwane-kanuma, ehamba neqhezu elincinci le-worm humus ukubonelela ngezinto eziphilayo kunye nokugcinwa kwamanzi.
Ezi ntlobo zemixube zivumela ukugcina umoya ococekileyo kunye nokukhupha amanzi ngokukhawulezaOku kufuna ukunkcenkceshela rhoqo, ingakumbi ehlotyeni: kanye ngemini, kabini okanye kathathu ngeentsuku ezishushu kakhulu. Ngenxa yoko, iingozi zokuxinana kwamanzi kunye neengxaki ezibangelwa ngamanzi agqithisileyo ziyancipha kakhulu.
Into enomdla kukuba, nangona kukho le mixube "inamandla", kunokwenzeka ukufumana iziphumo ezilungileyo kakhulu ekuphuhlisweni kweentlobo ngeentlobo zezityaloI-Bonsai, iibhalbhu zexesha elithile (ii-hyacinths, ii-daffodils, ii-clover zokuhombisa), kwanezityalo zasekhaya ezifana nee-pothos, ii-dracaenas, ii-monsteras, ii-sedums, okanye izityalo zesigcawu zonke zifanelekile, ukuba nje ukunkcenkceshela nokukhanya kulawulwa ngononophelo. Ukuba ukhulisa i-bonsai, uya kufumana kuluncedo ukubonisana neengcebiso malunga... isiseko esilungileyo se-bonsai.
Kwanakwiindawo zokuhlwayela imbewu, apho kucetyiswa khona ukufuma okuphezulu nokuzinzileyo, iifomyula ezine umlinganiselo omkhulu we-worm humus exutywe ne-akadama okanye udongwe oluxutywe nge-granulated annealedIintlobo ezininzi, ukusuka kwi-wisterias ukuya kwi-maples, zihluma ngamandla kolu hlobo lwesityalo, ukuba nje kukho amanzi aneleyo ngamaxesha abalulekileyo. Ukuze ufumane iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe ngeli nyathelo, jonga izikhokelo ezithile. i-seedling substrate.
Umgangatho we-substrate, ukuhlaziywa kunye neengxaki eziqhelekileyo
Ngaphandle kokukhetha uhlobo lomxube, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba Umgangatho wezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo kunye nemeko yesiseko ziyatshintsha ngokuhamba kwexeshaI-substrate engabizi kakhulu neyonakeleyo iyakhawuleza ukuxinana, ilahlekelwe ngumoya, ize igqibele ngokuba yibhloko encinci apho amanzi angajikelezi kakuhle khona.
Xa i-substrate ixinene, iingcambu ziyafumana ubunzima obukhulu ekwandiseni nasekufakeni ioksijiniOku kubangela ukukhula kancinci kakhulu, amagqabi amancinci, i-chlorosis, kunye nobuthathaka obukhulu kokubini kokugqithisileyo kunye nokunqongophala kwamanzi, kuba umhlaba awusathinteli nantoni na.
Yiyo loo nto ibaluleke kangaka Ziphephe ii-substrates okanye iingxowa ezikumgangatho ophantsi ezigcinwe ixesha elide kakhulu.Ukuba xa uvula ibhegi ubona inqwaba exineneyo, enevumba elingaqhelekanga okanye eneziqwenga ezininzi zeenkuni ezingaxutywanga, kufanelekile ukuphucula loo nto nge-perlite, i-coconut fiber okanye uyilahle nje ukuze ufumane izityalo ezibuthathaka.
Ngaphezu koko, i-substrate ayihlali ihleli. Ngokunkcenkceshela, ukuchumisa, kunye nomsebenzi wendalo weengcambu, isakhiwo siyaqhekeka kwaye siyaqinaEyona nto ingcono kukuba, umxholo weembiza kufuneka uhlaziywe ngokupheleleyo okanye ngokuyinxenye rhoqo, ingakumbi kwizityalo ezikhula ngokukhawuleza okanye ezo bezikwisikhongozeli esinye kangangeminyaka.
Ukwenza imixube yakho ekhaya kukuvumela ukuba lawula ngcono umgangatho wesithako ngasinyeLungisa i-substrate ukuze ihambelane nemozulu yendawo okuyo kunye neentlobo zezityalo ezithile, kwaye wonge imali ekuhambeni kwexesha. Ngokujonga okuncinci kunye nokuvavanya iimpazamo, uza kufumanisa kungekudala ukuba zeziphi iindibaniselwano ezisebenza kakuhle kwi-terrace yakho, kwi-balcony, okanye kwigumbi lokuhlala.
Uzinzo: ii-substrates, umhlaba wendabuko kunye nophawu lwendalo
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje kuye kwakho intetho eyandayo malunga inkalo yokusingqongileyo yeziseko esizisebenzisayoAyizizo zonke izinto ezinempembelelo efanayo: ezinye zivela kwinkunkuma ephinda isetyenziswe, ezinye zifuna iinkqubo zokukhupha izinto ezintsonkothileyo okanye umgama omde wokuthutha.
Iisubstrates ezisekelwe kwi ifayibha yekhokhonathi, umgquba, izinto ezicoliweyo zemibungu, okanye izinto ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe nezibolayo Zidla ngokuba zezona ndlela zizinzileyo. Zisebenzisa iimveliso zezolimo kunye nenkunkuma yendalo, zinciphisa inkunkuma yezixhobo kwaye zibuyisela izinto eziphilayo kumjikelo.
Enye inzuzo ye-substrates ezininzi ezithile kukuba Zivumela ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi nezichumisi ngokufanelekileyoNgokugcina umswakama nezakhamzimba kakuhle nokuzikhupha kancinci kancinci, ilahleko ezibangelwa kukukhuhla ziyancitshiswa kwaye ungcoliseko lomhlaba namanzi akufutshane luyancitshiswa.
Ngokwahlukileyo koko, ezinye izinto ezingaphiliyo ezifana perlite okanye vermiculite Zibandakanya iindlela zokukhupha nokucubungula ezineendleko ezinkulu zokusingqongileyo. Oku akuthethi ukuba akufanele zisetyenziswe, kodwa kuyacetyiswa ukuba zisetyenziswe ngobulumko kwaye, xa kunokwenzeka, zifune ezinye iindlela okanye imixube enciphisa umlinganiselo wazo ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ngumsebenzi.
Kwelinye icala, umhlaba wemveli unenzuzo yokuba Akufuneki iinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo zoshishino. kwaye ingaphinda isetyenziswe ngokulula. Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa kwayo kakhulu kwezolimo ezinkulu kunokukhuthaza ukukhukuliseka, ukulahleka kwezinto eziphilayo ezahlukeneyo, kunye nokonakala kwenkqubo yendalo ukuba iindlela zolimo azilawulwa ngokufanelekileyo.
Ekugqibeleni, ukukhetha i-substrate kukwayindlela yokwenza isigqibo. Luhlobo luni lophawu esilushiyayo ngothando lwethu ngezityalo?Ukukhetha imixube yendalo engaphezulu, ukusebenzisa umgquba wasekhaya, kunye nokuphepha ukuthenga izinto ezingafunekiyo ngenkani ezisisiseko esingathandabuzekiyo zizinto ezincinci ezenza kube mnandi.
Xa uqonda indlela esebenza ngayo i-substrate, isizathu sokuba eminye imixube ichithe amanzi ngcono kuneminye, kunye nendlela imozulu, iintlobo, kunye nomgangatho wezinto eziyinxalenye eyichaphazela ngayo, uqala ukubona ngokucacileyo ukuba Umhlaba weklasikhi "olungele zonke iinjongo" awulungele izityalo ezininziUkulungisa umxube, ukuphucula umoya, ukuhlaziya isiseko ngamanye amaxesha, nokukhetha izinto ezizinzileyo kwenza ukhathalelo lwezityalo zakho ezikwimbiza lube lula kakhulu: iimfihlakalo ezimbalwa, ilahleko ezimbalwa ezingalindelekanga, kunye nezityalo ezininzi ezikhula ngokupheleleyo.