I-Myrsine africana, eyaziwa njenge myrsine, African boxwood okanye iCape myrtle, sisityalo esihlala siluhlaza esixatyiswa kakhulu ngenxa yexabiso laso lokuhombisa nangeempawu zaso ezibangela umdla. Inzalelwane yase-Afrika, e-Asiya nase-Oceania, ibalasele ngokuxhathisa, ukuguquguquka kunye nobuhle obuhlangeneyo bamagqabi ayo. Esi sikhokelo sibanzi sibandakanya i Ukhathalelo, ukulima, ukusasazwa, ukusetyenziswa kunye neenkcukacha zebhotani kweentlobo, ukuphendula yonke imibuzo edla ngokubuzwa ukufikelela ubukhazikhazi obuphezulu kwigadi kunye neendawo eziluhlaza.
Inkcazo yezityalo yeMyrsine africana
I-Myrsine africana Yeyosapho lwaseMyrsinaceae. I-dioecious shrub (enemizekelo yamadoda nabasetyhini), i-branched kakhulu, ngokukhula okuxineneyo kunye nokuxineneyo, kunqabile ukuba ibe ngaphezu kwe-3 ukuya kwi-4 yeemitha ukuphakama. Inamagqabi amancinane, aluthwathwa, akhazimlayo, aluhlaza bumnyama, amile okwe elliptical, anencam ezirajiweyo okanye ezimaza kancinane. La magqabi, ukongeza ekubeni ahombise, anevumba elimnandi kwaye ayazingisa unyaka wonke.
Ngentwasahlobo, i Afrika boxwood Ivelisa iintyatyambo ezincinci kodwa ezibukekayo ezimhlophe, ezikhrimu okanye ezibomvu, ezithi, ukuba izityalo zamadoda nabasetyhini zihlala kufutshane, zivelise iziqhamo ezihonjisiweyo ezimfusa okanye eziluhlaza, ezityiwayo kodwa ezineempawu zonyango ekufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo.
- Igama lezesayensi: I-Myrsine africana
- Amagama aqhelekileyo: Myrsine, African Boxwood, Cape Myrtle, African Boxwood
- Usapho: Myrsinaceae
- Tipo: Isihlahla esihlala siluhlaza esincinci ukuya kweliphakathi
- Ukuphakama: Ukuya kwi-4 yeemitha, ngokuqhelekileyo phakathi kwe-1 kunye ne-2 yeemitha
- Amahlamvu: Buhlaza obumnyama, buhlala buluhlaza, bunevumba elimnandi, elliptical
- Iintyatyambo: Primavera
- Isiqhamo: Iqunube emfusa okanye eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, etyiwayo
Imvelaphi kunye nokusasazwa
Isini Myrsine Idibanisa malunga neentlobo ezingama-200 ezisasazeka kwimimandla yetropikhi kunye ne-subtropical yase-Afrika, e-Asiya, e-Oceania nakwezinye iziqithi zePasifiki. I-Myrsine africana Ivela eMpuma Afrika, kodwa iye yendalo kwaye yalinywa kwiindawo ezininzi zeMeditera kunye neendawo ezipholileyo, ngenxa yokuchasana kwayo kunye nexabiso lokuhombisa.
Ukusetyenziswa kokuhombisa kunye namayeza
I-Myrsine africana Iguquguquka kakhulu kwigadi:
- Ilungele uqeqesho iheji, imida kunye nezithinteli-moya ngenxa yokukhula kwayo okuxineneyo kunye nokuxineneyo.
- Perfect for iigadi ezincinci okanye izithuba ezixineneyo ezifana Umzekelo ohlukileyo okanye ngokwamaqela.
- Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwi izixhobo zokutyala, amathambeka kunye nencam yengca.
Kwezinye iinkcubeko, i-boxwood yaseAfrika isetyenziswa kwi amayeza emveliAmagqabi ayo kunye neziqhamo ziye zasetyenziswa njengezicoci zegazi nanjengamayeza athile kwizigulo ezithile, ezifana nelaxative, anthelmintic, kunye nonyango lwe-dysmenorrhea okanye idropsy. Nangona kunjalo, isilumkiso siyacetyiswa: Ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kunokuba yingozi.
Iimeko ezifanelekileyo zokukhula
Ukufumana amandla amakhulu kunye nobuhle be Cape myrtleKubalulekile ukwazi izinto abazikhethayo kokusingqongileyo kunye ne-substrate. Baziwa ngokomelela kunye nokulula ukuphatha, kodwa basabela ngokufanelekileyo kukhathalelo olufanelekileyo.
- Ukukhanya kunye nokuvezwa: Inyamezela ilanga elipheleleyo ukuya kumthunzi omncinci kunye nokukhanya. Okona kukhula kuxineneyo nokuvelisa iintyatyambo kuphunyezwa ngobuncinci beeyure eziliqela zokukhanya kwelanga ngqo yonke imihla.
- Ubushushu: Ikhetha imozulu epholileyo kuneyobushushu. Iyakwazi ukumelana namaqondo obushushu aphantsi, kodwa ivakalelwa kukuba iqabaka eliphakathi ukuya kwiqabaka, ngakumbi ukuba lihlala iintsuku ezininzi. Ayiwanyamezeli amaqondo obushushu angaphantsi kwe-7-8°C.
- Umgangatho: Ibonisa ukunyamezelana okubanzi kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zemihlaba: i-clayey-silty, clayey-calcareous, icalcareous embi okanye imihlaba enamatye kunye nemihlaba etyebileyo kwizinto eziphilayo. Eyona nto ifunekayo kukukhupha amanzi kakuhle; ayinyamezeli izikhukula okanye ukuxinana.
- pH: Iyaziqhelanisa neemeko ezahlukeneyo zomhlaba, ukusuka kwi-acidic kancinane ukuya kwi-alkaline.
- Ukufuma: Ikhetha umhlaba owomileyo okanye opholileyo kodwa otsalwe kakuhle. Ukufuma rhoqo kunokukhuthaza izifo zeengcambu.
- Ubutyuwa: Inonyamezelo oluthile kubutyuwa bomhlaba, iyenza ilungele iigadi eziselunxwemeni.
Ukunkcenkceshela kunye nembalela
El Afrika boxwood ixatyiswa ngenxa yayo Ukuxhathisa imbalela xa sele imisiwe. Ukunkcenkceshela kufuneka kube phakathi:
- Kunyaka wokuqala emva kokutyala, gcina i-substrate ifumile, unkcenkceshela xa i-substrate yomile.
- Kwizityalo ezisele zikhulile, vula indawo yokunkcenkceshela kwaye uvumele umaleko ongaphezulu womhlaba wome phakathi kokunkcenkceshela. Amanzi amaninzi ayingozi kakhulu kunamancinci kakhulu.
- Kwiimozulu ezomileyo kakhulu okanye ngexesha lamaza obushushu, ukuphindaphinda kunokunyuswa, kodwa rhoqo ngaphandle kokukhukula.
El Cape myrtle lukhetho oluhle kakhulu iigadi zogcino oluphantsi okanye i-xeriscaping apho amanzi abubutyebi obulinganiselweyo.
Ukuchumisa nokuchumisa
Ukukhula okunamandla kunye namagqabi ashinyeneyo, kuyacetyiswa:
- Umrhumi wonyaka kunye ne-organic matter (umgquba, umgquba ovuthiweyo okanye i-worm humus) kukhethwa ekwindla.
- Entlakohlaza nasehlotyeni, isichumiso esilungeleleneyo singagalelwa rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezimbini ukuba umhlaba awukho mgangathweni okanye ukuba ujonge ukwandisa imveliso yeentyatyambo neziqhamo.
Ziphephe kakhulu izichumiso ezinenitrogen, ezinokukhuthaza ukukhula okuxekethileyo.
Ukuthena nokugcina
La ukuthena Kubalulekile ukugcina inkangeleko entle kunye necwecwe ye I-Myrsine africana. Kuyacetyiswa:
- Yenza a ukuthena izixhobo Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ukususa amasebe omileyo, abuthathaka, okanye angaphakathi.
- Ukucheba ukukhanya emva kwentyatyambo ukumila okanye ukulawula ubukhulu, ngakumbi kwiheji okanye kwimida.
- Kwimizekelo eyodwa, nciphisa ukuthenwa koko kuyimfuneko ngokungqongqo ukugcina isithunzi sabo sendalo.
Izifo kunye nezitshabalalisi
El Afrika boxwood sisityalo yokuchasa okukhulu kwizinambuzane nezifo. Ayifane iveze iingxaki ezinzulu, iyenze ibe lukhetho olukhuselekileyo kwigadi. Ngamanye amaxesha, oku kulandelayo kunokuvela:
- Mealybugs kwindawo ezifumileyo ngokugqithisileyo okanye umoya ongahambi kakuhle.
- Uhlaselo oluthile lwe Izilwanyana ngamaxesha embalela ixesha elide.
- Ingcambu yokubola ukuba i-substrate ihlala igcwele amanzi.
Ukhetho oluchanekileyo lwesiza kunye nokuphepha ukunkcenkceshela ngokugqithisileyo kuthintela uninzi lwezi ngxaki.
Ukuzala kunye nokusasazwa
I-Myrsine africana ingaphinda-phinda-phinda nge iinqumle zesemi-wood okanye ngembewu:
- Ukusika okwemithi: Zivunwa ehlotyeni, zikhetha iziqu ezimalunga ne-10 cm ubude, zisempilweni, kunye nezihluma ezinamandla. Kunconywa ukusika ama-cuttings kwi-angle ebukhali kwaye ususe amaqabunga aphantsi. Emva kokuba ziphathwe nge-hormone ye-rooting (ukhetho), zityalwe kumhlaba okhanyayo, ococekileyo, ukuwugcina ufumile de ube neengcambu.
- Imbewu: Zifuna inkqubo ecothayo neguquguqukayo ngakumbi, kuba ixhomekeke kumvumvuzelwano phakathi kwenkunzi nemazi, kunye nokusebenza kwesiqhamo.
Inketho ekhawulezayo kwaye inokwethenjelwa kakhulu yi-cuttings, ekwaqinisekisa ukunyaniseka kwe-varietal ye-specimen entsha. Ukwandisa ulwazi lwakho malunga Izityalo ezikwaziyo ukumelana nembalela, sicebisa ukuba udibane neli candelo.
Ukutyala kunye nokutshintshwa
Ukusekwa okuchanekileyo kwe I-Myrsine africana Egadini, landela ezi ngcebiso:
- Khetha enye indawo enelanga okanye enomthunzi, ekhuselwe kwimimoya eqhaqhazelisa amazinyo.
- Lungiselela i umngxuma wokutyala ubuncinane kabini ububanzi kunye nobunzulu njengebhola lengcambu.
- Xuba umhlaba okhutshiweyo kunye ne-organic substrate okanye umgquba ukuphucula ubume kunye nokukhupha amanzi.
- Beka isityalo, gubungela ngomxube, kwaye ucinezele ngokukhawuleza. Nkcenkceshela kakuhle emva kokutyala.
- Kuphephe ukutyala phakathi ebusika okanye ngamaxesha obushushu obugqithisileyo.
Ukuhambelana kunye neengcebiso kwizilwanyana zasekhaya
Akukho maxwebhu abanzi okanye izigqibo eziqinisekileyo malunga nobutyhefu be Afrika boxwood kwizilwanyana zasekhaya ezinjengezinja neekati. Nangona iziqhamo zidliwa kwiidosi ezincinci, kucetyiswa ukuba usebenzise inkathalo kwaye ugweme ukungeniswa ngokuqhubekayo yizilwanyana ezifuywayo. Dibana nogqirha wakho wezilwanyana ukuba ukrokrela ukuba unetyhefu.
Imiba ye-ecological kunye ne-biodiversity
Ukongeza kwixabiso layo lokuhombisa, I-Myrsine africana idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwindalo:
- Ukudalwa kwe iindawo zokuhlala ezincinci kwizilwanyana ezincedisayo, ngakumbi iintaka kunye nezinambuzane ezincinci, ezinokufumana indawo yokuhlala kunye nokutya kwiziqhamo zayo.
- Igalelo kwi iintlobo ezahlukeneyo kwiigadi nakwiipaki.
- Ukukwazi ukumelana nomhlaba ombi okanye amathambeka, okwenza kube kulungele ukuzinzisa amathambeka.
Iingcebiso ngesityalo esisempilweni
- Sebenzisa i-organic mulch kwisiseko sesityalo ukugcina ukufuma kunye nokukhusela iingcambu kumaqondo obushushu agqithisileyo.
- Kuphephe ukugalela isichumiso ngokugqithisileyo okanye ukunkcenkceshela ngokugqithisileyo ukukhuthaza ukuqina kwendalo kunye nokuxhathisa.
- Hlanganisa kunye neMeditera okanye iintlobo ze-xeric ukwenza iingoma ezibukekayo nezizinzileyo.
- Sika iiheji rhoqo ukugcina ukufana kwaye ugweme ukukhula okugqithisileyo kwamasebe angaphandle.
Eyakhe ukuchasana, ubuhle kunye nokulula kokunyamekelaI-Myrsine africana lukhetho oluhle kakhulu lokongeza ubume kunye nohlaza kuyo nayiphi na igadi. Ukuguquguquka kwayo kuyenza ibe lolona khetho lufanelekileyo kwabo bafuna izityalo ezingakhathalelwanga kangako, kunye nakubathandi bezihlahla zomthonyama kunye nezitiya ezizinzileyo. Ngokunkcenkceshelwa ngobulumko, ukuthenwa kancinci, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuthuthwa kwamanzi ngendlela efanelekileyo, inokuhlala isempilweni iminyaka emininzi, inika umbala, indawo yokusabela kwizilwanyana zasendle, kunye nokuchukumisa okungaqhelekanga konyaka wonke.
