Sequoiadendron giganteum, yaziwa njenge sequoia enkulu o umthi omkhulu, lilitye elikhulu elihlala liluhlaza elinesithsaba ebutsheni balo kunye nesiqu esikhulu esinexolo lentsinga elimbala wesinamon. Phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo, inokugqithisa ngokulula ikhulu leemitha ukuphakama kwaye iphile iminyaka emininzi, kunye ne ukukhula ngokukhawuleza kolutsha kunye ne-silhouette edibeneyo kakhulu ecacileyo kumasebe asezantsi ngokuvuthwa.
Ukuchongwa kwezityalo kunye neempawu ezibalaseleyo
Igama lenzululwazi: Sequoiadendron giganteum. Intsapho: eyayikade iqukwa kwi Taxodiaceae, okwangoku ngaphakathi kweCupressaceae. Umvelaphi: amathambeka asentshona e ISierra Nevada yaseCalifornia, phakathi malunga 1.350 kunye ne-2.500 m ukuphakama.
Presenta ihlala iluhlaza incinci, ibukhali kwaye icwangciswe malunga namasetyana, anemibala ukukhanya okuluhlaza ukuya koluhlaza-luhlaza. Iyavelisa iikhoni (amapayina) athatha malunga iminyaka emibini ukuvuthwa kwaye unokuhlala emthini amaxesha amaninzi. khonkotha Ingqindilili, i-fibrous kwaye ibomvu okanye imdaka ngombala, kunye imijelo enzulu nto leyo eyenza ibe luphawu kakhulu.
Luhlobo oluthile rustic, uyanyamezela ku kubanda kwaye yahlala ixesha elide kakhulu. Kwiipaki kunye nemiyezo ikhuliswa njenge Umzekelo ohlukileyo ukubonisa ubungangamsha bayo; ifuna Indawo enkulu ukufikelela amandla abo.
Imozulu, indawo kunye nokuvezwa
Kwindawo yayo yokuhlala yendalo iyachuma imozulu epholileyo nefumileyonge ukufuma okuphezulu kwe-atmospheric kunye nemihlaba egcinayo ukufuma rhoqo ngaphandle kokugalelwa ngamanzi. Ikhetha iindawo eziphakamileyo okanye iintlambo ezipholileyo kungene umoya.
Beka iisampulu ezincinci umthunzi wesiqingatha oqaqambileyo kwiminyaka yokuqala, ukuya phambili ilanga elipheleleyo xa bezinzile kakuhle. Ilanga elithe ngqo lanele ukuba umhlaba ugcinwe ukufuma ngokulinganayo kwaye okusingqongileyo akushushu ngokugqithisileyo.
Melana imimoya yomelele xa ifakelwe, kodwa kuyacetyiswa ukukhusela izityalo ezincinci yolwandle kunye iiqabaka zamvaKwimozulu eyomileyo kakhulu okanye eshushu kakhulu, yenza a i-microclimate epholileyo ngokusebenzisa i-mulching kunye nokunkcenkceshela rhoqo.
Ziphephe iimeko ze ubushushu obuqokelelweyo (iindawo ezingenamoya, iindonga ezikhupha ukushisa) ezikhuthaza uxinzelelo lwamanzi kunye nokuhlaselwa kwe-pathogen.
Umhlaba, ukunkcenkceshela kunye nesondlo
I-sequoia enkulu iqhelana nemihlaba eyahlukeneyo, kodwa iqhuba kakuhle kakhulu kwi-substrates nzulu, ikhululekile kwaye ichithwe kakuhle, ngokukhethekileyo iasidi kancinane ukuya kokungathathi hlangothi. Ziphephe udongwe olunzima kunye nomhlaba onecalcareous kakhulu; ukuba umhlaba uxinene, phucula ubume nge izinto eziphilayo y isanti erhabaxa okanye iperlite.
Gcina i ukufuma rhoqo ngaphandle kwamadili. A organic mulch (inkunkuma yamagqabi, ixolo) inceda ukugcina ukufuma kunye nokuzinzisa ubushushu beengcambu. Kwisikhongozeli, sebenzisa umxube one-aerated nge perlite o pumice ukunciphisa ukuxinana kunye nokuququzelela ukuhanjiswa kwamanzi.
Ukunkcenkceshela kufuneka kube phakathi kwaye rhoqo, ixhaphake kakhulu entwasahlobo-ehlobo nakwizityalo ezincinci. Ziphephe ukugqithisa: Iimpawu ze-asphyxia yeengcambu ziquka ukuphuzi kunye nokubola; Ukunqongophala kwamanzi kubonakala nge iziphelo ezomileyo kunye nokukhula okucothayo.
Ukuchumisa akunzi kakhulu: kwanele iminikelo yonyaka yomgquba isichumiso esivuthiweyo okanye esilungelelanisiweyo esikhupha kade kumlinganiselo ophakathi ekuqaleni kokuntshula.
Ukuhlwayela nokuphindaphinda
Uhlobo lu phindaphinda ngembewu ezintshula ngokwendalo emva kwengqele yasebusika. Ukuyivelisa kwakhona, yenza a stratification ebandayo efrijini phakathi Iintsuku ezi-30 ne-40 (malunga ne-4–5 ºC); eminye imithombo yandisa ukuya kuthi ga malunga neeveki ezili-9 ukuphucula izinga lokuntshula.
Emva kwe-stratification, cwina imbewu emanzini ashushu phakathi 12 kunye neeyure ezisi-24. Ukuhlwayela kwi-substrate yokuntshula ngokubeka phezu komhlaba, ingagqunywanga okanye igalelwe uthuli ngesixhobo esihle kakhulu, igcinwe ukufuma okuzinzileyo kwaye kuhle umoya ongenisa umoya ukuthintela ukungunda. Ukuntshula ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka phakathi Iiveki ezi-2 ne-5.
Ukuqokelelwa kunye nolondolozo: i iikhoni ziqokelelwa ngaphakathi ukuwa, ziyekwa ukuba zome Iiveki ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-4 kwaye imbewu iyakhutshwa. Igcinwe kwizikhongozeli ukubanda-qinile (malunga ne-4 ºC), bayayigcina ukusebenza iminyaka emininzi. Iindidi ziphindaphindwe nge Ukumiliselwa. Qaphela: kwi-genus, iintlobo ezinxulumene ngokusondeleyo Sequoia iispervirens inokuntshula ngaphandle kohlulo.
Ukulinywa kweengqayi kunye nokutyalwa ngokutsha
Kwisitya, zibeke phambili iimbiza nzulu ezikhapha ingcambu engundoqo. I iimbiza zelaphu ndithanda i ukuthenwa emoyeni yeengcambu (ikhusela ukujikeleza) kwaye iphucula ukungena komoya, ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokubola; iimbiza ezivundisiweyo ziluncedo, kodwa zinokuvumela ingcambu dlula emazantsi ukuba i-substrate kunye nokufuma kuyayikhuthaza.
Yenza uqhaqho-fakelo oluthe ngcembe ukuya kubukhulu obukhulu xa ingcambu yeengcambu ithatha umthamo omkhulu, ngaphandle kokulinda ukuba iingcambu zivele nge-drain. Kuphephe ukutshintshwa kwezityalo ngamaxesha aphakamileyo. calorKwiminyaka yokuqala, ikhusela ukusuka iiqabaka eziqatha ngepadding kunye nendawo ekhuselekileyo.
Potted umboniso: the isiqingatha somthunzi ukukhanya kukulungele ngexesha lokusekwa; emva koko, i ilanga elipheleleyo Kuyenzeka ukuba ukunkcenkceshelwa rhoqo kwaye i-substrate ayishushu kakhulu. Ziphephe izinto zangaphakathi okanye iigalari eziqokelela amaqondo obushushu aphezulu kakhulu ngaphandle kokungena komoya.
Izinga lokukhula: ulutsha olukhawulezayo. Phantsi kweemeko ezivumayo, eminye imihlanganisela kunye nemizekelo inokongeza kulandelelwano lwe iidecimeters eziliqela ngonyaka.
Umhlanganisela weSequoiadendron giganteum 'Pendulum'
'I-Pendulum' inegalelo columnar emxinwa kakhulu, incam ephawulweyo kunye amasebe ajingayo eyenza inkangeleko eqingqiweyo. Amagqabi grey eluhlaza kunye nesiqu, imi nkqo kwaye noko tortuous, icebisa “imane” yamasebe awoyikekayo.
Yinkonifa ixesha elide kakhuluEkulimeni inokufikelela ngeenxa zonke 4 m kwishumi leminyaka layo lokuqala kunye nokusondela 8 m ekuvuthweni, kuxhomekeke kwimozulu kunye nolawulo. ukunyamezela okubandayo: ephawulekayo, kunye neerekhodi zokuxhathisa ezingaphantsi -15 C xa sele imisiwe.
Iimfuno: imihlaba enzulu, echumileyo y ikhutshiwe kakuhle; ukunkcenkceshela phakathi (kaninzi ngakumbi ekuqaleni); ilanga eligcweleyo okanye umthunzi othile. Igqwesileyo njenge ukugxila ngokuthe nkqo kwiigadi ezinobungakanani obuphakathi zifuna ubumfihlo okanye isivakalisi soyilo.
Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo kunye nolawulo
Luhlobo ngokubanzi yomelele kwizinambuzane nezifo. Nangona kunjalo, banokubonakala firebrands, dieback zamasetyana kunye ukubola kwiimeko zokufuma okugqithisileyo kunye nokungangeni komoya okuphantsi. Ukuthintela kubandakanya ukukhupha amanzi okusebenzayo, ukunkcenkceshela okulungisiweyo, ukungena komoya kunye nokuphepha ukulimala.
El uxinzelelo lobushushu okanye ngenxa yokungabikho kwamanzi okunokubangela ukwenza browning Umonakalo wamagqabi. Lungisa ngokufaka isigcina-kufuma, ukulungelelanisa ukunkcenkceshela, kwaye, ukuba kunokwenzeka, indawo epholileyo. Ukuba iimpawu ziyaqhubeka, khangela iingcambu (ivumba elivundileyo libonisa ukubola) kwaye uqwalasele unyango oluthile olusekelwe kuxilongo.
Ukusetyenziswa komhlaba kunye nokuqwalaselwa
I-sequoia enkulu ibonakala ngathi Umzekelo ohlukileyo kwiindawo ezinkulu, ukujikeleza, iigadi zebhotani kunye neepaki. Kwiimozulu ezifanelekileyo, imithi emincinci Banikezela ngesakhiwo, umthunzi wexesha elizayo, kunye nexabiso elinamandla lokomfuziselo. Kuphephe ukuzityala kufutshane nezakhiwo okanye iziseko ezingundoqo ezinokuthi zithotyelwe luphuhliso lwayo.
Kwiiprojekthi kwimimandla yolwandle okanye ezintabeni, indibaniselwano yayo ukunyamezela okubandayo, ukufuma kunye nenkangeleko enomtsalane iyenza ibe ngumgqatswa onefuthe eliphezulu. Abo batyala ngembewu mabaqonde ukuba impumelelo yokuntshula Kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi kwaye akunakuqinisekiswa ngekhulu leepesenti.
