Yintoni i-fern eyindoda? Imvelaphi kunye nokuhanjiswa
Indoda yefern (I-Dryopteris filix-mas) Yenye yezona ntlobo zaziwa kakhulu kwaye zininzi zemveli kwihlabathi leeferns. Sisityalo esingapheliyo sexabiso elikhulu lokuhombisa kunye neyeza. Ivela kwimimandla epholileyo ye-hemisphere esemantla, egubungela usasazo olubanzi IYurophu, iAsia kunye noMntla Melika. Ikhetha iindawo zokuhlala ezinomthunzi kunye nezifumileyo, zixhaphake ngakumbi amahlathi ashinyeneyo, amatyholo angaphantsi kunye namathambeka afumileyo, nangona inokufumaneka kwiigadi kunye neepaki ngenxa yokuchasana nobuhle bayo.
Igama "indoda" Inikwe ukwahlula kwi-fern yabasetyhini (I-Athyrium filix-ibhinqa), ngenkangeleko ethambileyo ngakumbi kunye namagqabi amancinci. I-Dryopteris filix-mas Iyaxatyiswa ngokomelela kwayo kunye nokukwazi kwayo ukuziqhelanisa neemeko ezahlukeneyo, okwenza kube lula ukukhula nokugcina ngaphandle nangaphakathi.
Iimpawu zeBotanical ze-fern yamadoda
I-fern yendoda yahlulwe ngesakhiwo kunye ne-morphology yayo amagqabi (amagqabi), anokufikelela kwi-1 yemitha ubude, kunye nophuhliso olugcobileyo kwiimeko ezifanelekileyo. Amagqabi aphindwe kabini., oko kukuthi, bahlula kabini, bebanika intsiba, inkangeleko entle. Icala ngalinye linama-20 ukuya kuma-35 ngamaqela e-pinnae (amacandelo okuqala), kunye ne-pinnules (amacandelo amancinci amancinci) agcina imiphetho edibeneyo kunye nokumila okubuthuntu kancinci.
Ekuzalweni, amagqabi avela egqitywe kwimoba okanye i-crook shape, ekhuselwe ngezikali ezimdaka zohlobo. Ezi zihluma zincinci zibizwa "croziers" okanye iifiddleheads. Umzantsi wamagqabi uyakhula reniform sori (amaqela e-sporangia), adla ngokucwangciswa kwimiqolo emibini ehambelanayo kunye ne-rachis. I-fern eyindoda ayivelisi ntyatyambo okanye iziqhamo, ivelisa kuphela nge-spores, eqhelekileyo pteridophytes.
El irhizome Ingqindilili kwaye ingqukuva, icace ngokucacileyo kwingcambu. Amagqabi avela kuyo ngexesha ngalinye lonyaka, enza isithsaba esixineneyo nesixineneyo.
Phakathi kwamagama aqhelekileyo anikwe le fern ngala: i-dentabron, i-dentabron, i-lafaleita kunye ne-standard-bearer.
Ukubunjwa kweekhemikhali kunye nezithako ezisebenzayo
El I-fern eyindoda Iqulethe ukwakhiwa kweekhemikhali eziyinkimbinkimbi kunye nezahlukeneyo ezithethelela inxalenye efanelekileyo yokusetyenziswa kweyeza kunye nezoshishino. Kwi rhizomes Iikhompawundi zemichiza zichongiwe njenge:
- Iiquinoids (albaspidin BB, deaspidin, flavaspidic BB, filixic acid)
- Amalungu eBenzene (aspidin, aspidinol, filicin, filicylic acid)
- Iiasidi ze-Organic kunye ne-pigments
- I-resin kunye neoli efunekayo
- IiTannins
- Umgaqo okrakra kunye nefilixolin glycoside
- Isitashi kunye noshukela
Kwimiqadi kunye neendawo zasemoyeni zesityalo kukho ezahlukeneyo flavonoids (quercetin, kaempferol, astragalin, procyanidins) kunye ne-phenylic acids, ephucula i-antioxidant kunye ne-anti-inflammatory benefits. Ezi zixhobo zenza i-fern isityalo esinomdla kumayeza endalo kunye ne-phytotherapy yendabuko.
Iindidi kunye neentlobo ezinxulumene nazo
Isini I-Dryopteris Idibanisa ngaphezu kweentlobo ze-300, ezininzi zazo zihlakulwa kwaye zixatyiswe zombini ngokubonakala kwazo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo okwahlukileyo. indoda fern (I-Dryopteris filix-mas) Yeyona ntlobo imele kakhulu, kodwa kukho ezinye iintlobo kunye neentlobo ezinxulumene ngokusondeleyo, ezinje:
- I-Dryopteris kwinqwelo malunga: eyaziwa ngokuba yiCarthusian fern, enamagqabi acekeceke.
- I-Dryopteris affinis: i-scaly male fern, ephawuleka kwindawo emnyama kumaphecana ayo kunye nomthambo osembindini.
- I-Dryopteris dilatata: enamagqabi aluhlaza okukhanya kunye namagqabi abubude obude.
- I-Athyrium filix-ibhinqa: i-fern eyaziwayo yabasetyhini, enamagqabi amancinci kunye nenkangeleko ye-ethereal.
Ukwazi ezi ntlobo kuvumela chonga ngokuchanekileyo i-fern eyindoda, iyahlula kwezinye iintlobo zeefern ezifanayo ngenkangeleko kodwa ezineecology ezahlukeneyo, iimpawu zokuhombisa kunye nonyango.
Ukhathalelo lwe-fern yamadoda: indawo, ukukhanya, kunye nokunkcenkceshela
Enye yezona zinto zinomtsalane kwi-fern eyindoda kukulula kwayo ukulima kunye nokugcinwa, kwiigadi zangaphandle nakwiimbiza ngaphakathi kwekhaya. Ukuqinisekisa ukukhula okugqibeleleyo kunye nokugcina ukuchuma kwayo unyaka wonke, kubalulekile ukugcina la manqaku alandelayo engqondweni:
indawo kunye nokukhanya
Indoda yefern ikhetha umthunzi ophakathi, ngaphandle nangaphakathi. Kubalulekile ukunqanda ilanga elithe ngqo, elinokubangela ukutsha kwamagqabi kunye nokomisa isityalo. Ngokufanelekileyo, yibeke kwindawo apho ifumana khona ukukhanya kwendalo okungathanga ngqo, njengasefestileni kodwa ikhuselwe ngamakhethini okanye kwiikona ezikude nelanga elithe ngqo.
Kwimozulu efumileyo, enemozulu epholileyo, i-fern yesilisa iyakwazi ukuziqhelanisa ngokugqibeleleyo nangaphandle, ukuba nje ikhuselwe kwimimoya ebhudla ngamandla nakwiqabaka eqatha. Ngexesha elishushu okanye elinomoya ovuthuzayo, luluvo olulungileyo ukufakela izithinteli-moya zendalo, njengezinye izityalo ezikhulu, ukukhusela amagqabi awo.
Ukunkcenkceshela kunye nokufuma
I-substrate kufuneka ihlale ifumile, kodwa ngaphandle kokukhukula ukuphepha umngcipheko wokubola kweengcambu. Ukunkcenkceshela kufuneka kuhlengahlengiswe ngokwexesha lonyaka: rhoqo kakhulu ehlotyeni kwaye ngokumodareyitha kakhulu ebusika. Ngeentsuku ezishushu okanye kwiindawo ezomileyo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba utshize amagqabi ngamanzi ukuze ugcine ukufuma okuhambelana ne-fern.
Ukuthintela amanzi amaninzi, kubalulekile ukuba ube ne-a i-substrate ekhululekile, ekhutshwe kakuhleKwiimbiza, qinisekisa ukuba isikhongozelo sinemingxuma eyaneleyo yokukhupha amanzi kwaye umzantsi wogqunywe ngoluhlu lwegrabile okanye izinto ezirhabaxa.
Ingcebiso esebenzayo: Ukuba ubona amaqabunga aphuzi, kunokwenzeka ukuba ukunkcenkceshela okanye ukungabikho kokukhanya kusonakalisa isityalo. Amagqabi ajikekileyo kunye nawomileyo abonisa ukungabikho kokufuma, ngelixa ukuhla kweqabunga kunokubangelwa utshintsho olukhawulezayo kwindalo.
Ubushushu kunye nokhuseleko
Inkunzi yefern yomelele kodwa ikhetha ubushushu obuphakathi, inqanda ukuba sesichengeni ixesha elide ngaphantsi kwe 10°C. Ukuba uhlala kwindawo ebandayo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ukhusele isiseko se-fern ngoluhlu lwamagqabi omileyo okanye i-mulch ngexesha lasebusika ukugcina impilo ye-rhizomes.
Ukuchumisa
Ukukhula ngamandla, ibonelela ngezichumiso eziphilayo okanye ezikhethekileyo zeeferns entwasahlobo, ehlotyeni, nasekwindla. Khulisa kanye ngenyanga ngexesha lokukhula okusebenzayo. Kungcono ukuphepha izichumisi ebusika, xa isityalo silele.
Ukhathalelo lobuhle kunye nokugcinwa
Susa rhoqo amagqabi omileyo okanye womise ukugcina isityalo sisempilweni kwaye ukhuthaze amagqabi amatsha ukuba ahlume. Kukwacetyiswa ukuba ujikelezise imbiza ngamaxesha athile ukuze uqinisekise ukuba zonke iindawo zesityalo zifumana ukukhanya ngokulinganayo kwaye zithintele ukukhula okugobileyo.
Ukulinywa kunye nokuphindaphinda kwe-fern eyindoda
I-fern eyindoda inokusasazwa nokuba yiyo iimbewu okanye nge isahlulo serhizome kwimizekelo yabantu abadala. Ukwahlula yeyona ndlela ilula nekhawulezayo yokufumana izityalo ezitsha ezineempawu ezifanayo nezokuqala. Kucetyiswa ukuba wenze lo msebenzi ngexesha lentwasahlobo okanye ekwindla, usebenzisa i-peak vegetative activity.
Amanyathelo ukwahlula irhizome:
- Gcoba i-fern ngononophelo, uqaphele ukuba ungonakalisi iingcambu.
- Ukusebenzisa imela ecocekileyo, ebukhali, yahlula iziqwenga zerhizome, uqinisekise ukuba isiqwenga ngasinye sinehlumelo elinye.
- Tyala iirhizome ezintsha kumhlaba ofumileyo, ochumileyo kwaye uzigcine zikhuselekile ekukhanyeni kwelanga.
- Nkcenkceshela kakuhle emva kokutyala kwaye ugcine ukufuma rhoqo kwiiveki ezimbalwa zokuqala.
Ukusetyenziswa okuphambili kwe-fern yamadoda
I-fern eyindoda ixabiswa zombini kwi Unyango lwePhytotherapy njengoko umhombiso nakwishishini.
Ukusetyenziswa kweyeza kunye ne-phytotherapeutic
Kumayeza esintu, i-fern yendoda isetyenziselwe ubukhulu becala iimpawu ze-anthelmintic, oko kukuthi, njengeyeza lokupheliswa kwee-parasites zamathumbu ezifana ne-tapeworms, i-pinworms kunye nezinye iintshulube. Ukongeza, kubalelwa kubuchule boku ukukhawulezisa ukuphiliswa kwenxeba (usebenzisa i-decoction yayo ukuhlamba kunye nokukhupha iintsholongwane kwesikhumba), ngokunjalo ukuphelisa i-rheumatism, i-cramps kunye ne-gout ngamalungiselelo ezihloko zamagqabi atyumkileyo okanye amagqabi.
Ukulungiswa kwe-decoction: Bilisa phakathi kwe-30 kunye ne-60 grams yerhizome kwilitha enye yamanzi kwaye uyinciphise ngesiqingatha ngokuphuma kwamanzi. Kucetyiswa ukuba usele ikomityi enye okanye ezimbini ngemini, usoloko uphantsi kweliso lengcali yezempilo, ngenxa yetyhefu enokubakho yezithako ezisebenzayo ukuba zisetyenziswe ngokugqithisileyo.
Ukuvuselela isiraphu: I-15 grams yamahlumela kunye ne-30 grams yeengcambu ixutywe noshukela emanzini ukulungiselela isiraphu enika amandla kwaye iqinisa umzimba.
Ukusetyenziswa kwangaphandle, i-decoction ingasetyenziselwa amanxeba ahlambulukileyo, kwaye i-fern cream yesilisa isetyenziselwa ukuthobisa imisipha kunye neentlungu ezidibeneyo.
Okunye ukusetyenziswa kunye nezilumkiso
Isityalo sikwafumana izicelo kwishishini lepeyinti kwaye njengombala wendalo, ngenxa yobukho be-pigments ekubunjweni kwayo. Ikwayinto eyaziwayo njengento, ebonelela ngokutsha, umthamo, kunye nemvakalelo yendalo echumileyo kwiipatios, iiterras, kunye namagumbi okuhlala. Ngaphaya koko, inokuthathwa njenge uphawu lwethamsanqa kwezinye iinkcubeko.
Ukulumkela: Amayeza e-fern angamadoda kufuneka aphetshwe ngabasetyhini abakhulelweyo okanye abancancisayo. Ukuba unemibuzo malunga nedosi okanye ukusebenzisana okunokwenzeka, soloko udibana nodokotela. ingcali eqeqeshiweyo.
I-fern eyindoda njengesityalo sokuhombisa kunye nesiqalelo samandla
Ukongeza kwixabiso layo lonyango, i-fern yesilisa iyaqhubeka esinye sezityalo ezixatyiswa kakhulu ngabathandi begadi kunye ne-eco-friendly decor. Imbonakalo yabo eluhlaza, enzulu eluhlaza ibonelela ngokutsha kunye namandla okusingqongileyo, kwaye ngokwezithethe zenkcubeko, iiferns zisimboli. amathamsanqa kunye nokuchuma, ixabiseke ngakumbi kwi Feng Shui ukutsala amandla akhuthazayo ekhayeni.
Ngaphakathi, ilungele ukwenza amalungiselelo ezityalo kwiimbiza ezinkulu okanye ezijingayo. Ifuna iindawo eziqaqambileyo kodwa ngaphandle kokukhanya okuthe ngqo, kunye nokunkcenkceshela rhoqo ukugcina ukufuma kwi-substrate. Iyaqwalaselwa kwakhona ndinobuhlobo pet, oko kukuthi, akuqhelekanga ukubeka ingozi kwizilwanyana ezifuywayo, nangona isilumkiso sihlala sinconywa kwaye nasiphi na isityalo sokuhlobisa kufuneka sigcinwe ngaphandle kokufikelela kwizilwanyana kunye nabantwana abancinci.
Inkunzi ebizwa ngokuba yi<em>fern, enembali etyebileyo yezityalo, inkangeleko entle, nokusetyenziswa kwezinto ngeendlela ezahlukahlukeneyo, isaqhubeka ibangela umdla kwizazi ngezityalo, abalimi nabathandi bendalo. Nokuba ungaphakathi okanye ngaphandle, olu hlobo lumele ukhetho olunempilo, olunokuqina, kunye noluthandekayo lokuzisa uhlaza, impilo, kunye namandla aqinisekileyo kuyo nayiphi na imeko.
