I-Antarctic beech (I-Nothofagus antarctica), kwaziwa njenge ñire o ñirre, ngumthi ovuthulukayo ophuma kumahlathi e-Andean-Patagonian kwaye uphawu lwemimandla esemazantsi Chile y ArgentinaLuhlobo lwexabiso elikhulu lendalo kunye nelokuhlobisa, elixatyisiweyo ngenxa yokuxhathisa kunye namahlamvu anomtsalane.
Inkcazo yezityalo ye-Antarctic beech (I-Nothofagus antarctica)
- Ukuphakama: Inokufikelela phakathi 10 kunye ne-25 yeemitha, ezineziqu ezicekethekileyo nezingalungelelananga, ezigxadazelayo.
- AmaSpredishithi: Zilula, ziyatshintshana, ziyalinganisa 5 ukuya kwi-35mm inde, inamacangca arhabaxa kunye namaza. Zinemibala luhlaza ophakathi ngexesha lokukhula, kwaye ekwindla zibonakalisa izithunzi ezimangalisayo tyheli kunye nobomvu ngaphambi kokuwela ngokupheleleyo ebusika.
- Amahlamvu: Yevumba iswiti, ngenxa yokugquma kwayo.
- Iintyatyambo: Ayimangalisi kakhulu, ngombala tyheli oluhlaza kwaye zilungiswe kwiibhouquets ezincinci.
- Isiqhamo: I-beechnut ilinganisa ngeenxa zonke 6 mm, inevumba elimnandi kwaye iqulethe amandongomane amathathu amancinci.
Ixesha ñire Lisuka kulwimi lwesiMapuche yaye lithetha impungutye, ekubeni ezi zilwanyana ngokuqhelekileyo zenza imingxuma yazo phantsi kwale mithi.
Ukusasazwa kunye nendawo yokuhlala yendalo
I-Antarctic beech Inzalelwane kumazantsi oMzantsi Melika, ifunyenwe ubukhulu becala ukusuka kwisibanzi esingu-33° S ukuya eTierra del Fuego (56° S), sigubungela imimandla emikhulu Chile y Argentina. Indawo yayo eqhelekileyo ibandakanya:
- Amahlathi eAndean kunye nePatagonian: Ikhetha ukuphakama okuphakathi ukuya phezulu, kunye nomhlaba obhityileyo kunye nokuchanabeka kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi.
- Isiqithi saseTierra del Fuego: Iintlobo eziqhelekileyo, apho ibonwa rhoqo igutyungelwe ubulembu okweendevu zexhego.
- Banokuphila kuyo ingqele kunye neemeko ezinomoya, ebonisa amandla amakhulu okuziqhelanisa.
Kusasazo lwayo lwendalo, iñire yinxalenye yoluntu olwahluka-hlukeneyo, kunye nezinye iintlobo zeempawu zommandla osemazantsi.
Iimeko ezifanelekileyo zokukhula kunye nokutyala
Ukukhulisa ngempumelelo i-Antarctic beech, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela iimfuno zayo eziphambili:
- Ukukhanya: Ithanda iindawo ezinelanga, nangona inokunyamezela ukukhanya semi-isithunzi.
- Imozulu: Ikhula kakuhle kwimozulu epholileyo, enemozulu epholileyo, nge amaqondo obushushu onyaka phakathi kwe-10°C ne-20°C.
- Umgangatho: Ifuna imigangatho i-acidic okanye ingathathi hlangothi, ichumile, ilula, igalelwe amanzi, yaye ityebile kwizinto eziphilayo. Ziyawunyamezela umhlaba oyisanti kunye nodongwe, kodwa awuwunyamezeli umhlaba onetyuwa okanye oxineneyo.
- Unkcenkceshelo: Isidingo ukufuma rhoqo kodwa ngaphandle kwamanzi. Ngamaxesha ashushu, ukunkcenkceshela kufuneka kwandiswe.
- Khuselo: Nangona ikwazi ukumelana nokubanda, imizekelo emincinane iyakuxabisa ukukhuselwa kwimimoya ebhudla ngamandla nakwiqabaka eqatha.
Ukukhathalelwa kunye nokugcinwa kweAntarctic beech
El ukhathalelo lweAntarctic beech Kulula ukuba iimfuno zayo zokusingqongileyo ziyahlonitshwa:
- Umbhalisi: Kuyacetyiswa ukuba ufake isicelo umgquba obole kakuhle Kanye ngonyaka. Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, isichumisi samaminerali esiyinkimbinkimbi sinconywa ukukhuthaza ukuhluma, ukuqhakaza kunye neziqhamo.
- Ukuprintwa: Tolera ukuthena okulula ukususa amasebe omileyo okanye awonakele kwaye ugcine isakhiwo esivumelanayo.
- Izibetho kunye nezifo: Ayichaphazeleki kakhulu xa sele ikhulile, kodwa amagqabi amatsha anokuba novelwano kwiqabaka kade kunye nokoma.
- Ukuphindaphinda: Ngokubanzi ngembewu, nangona kunokwenzeka ngokusebenzisa ukwaleka okanye ukusikwa (eyokugqibela kusetyenziswa iihomoni ze-rooting).
- Ukufakelwa kwakhona: Kunconywa ukutshintshwa phakathi kwekwindla nasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, ukuphepha amaxesha omsebenzi onzima wezityalo.
Ilungele amasimi okuhombisa zombini ngokwamaqela kunye ngabanye, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezibandayo okanye ukudala ukungafani kwe-autumnal kwiigadi kunye neepaki.
Ukusetyenziswa, iinzuzo kunye neengongoma eziphambili
La iinkuni ñire Ngokwemveli isetyenziswa njenge iinkuni zokubasa ngenxa yokutsha kwayo okulungileyo, nangona idla ngokuba nezicelo ezibalulekileyo ekuchweleni ngenxa yokubhitya kwesiqu sayo. Uhlobo luye lwaziswa ngempumelelo kwezinye iindawo zehlabathi, ezifana nonxweme olusemantla ePasifiki e-United States kunye nezitiya kwiiBritish Isles, ezibonisa kakuhle kakhulu. ukumelana nokubanda.
Kwinkcubeko yaseMapuche nasePatagonian, iñire yenza imisebenzi ebalulekileyo yendalo kunye nomfuziselo, ikhusela izilwanyana zasendle, ikhusela umhlaba, kwaye isebenza njengesalathiso kwizinto eziphilayo zalapha.
Idatha eyongezelelweyo kunye nezinto ezinomdla
- Igama elifanayo: Ifumene amagama ahlukeneyo enzululwazi, kubandakanywa IFagus antarctica, ICalucechinus antarctica y Nothofagus montagnei.
- Imeko yolondolozo: Ithathelwa ingqalelo inkxalabo encinci ngokwe-IUCN.
- I-Etymology: Isini UNothofagus lithetha "ibheki yobuxoki", kwaye i-epithet "antarctica" ibhekiselele kukusasazwa kwayo emazantsi.
- Kwezinye iindawo zokuhlala, ubukho be-lichens ejingayo bunokubonwa. kumasebe ayo, enika imbonakalo ephawulekayo kumahlathi asemazantsi.
La Antarctic beech Ibalasele njengohlobo olukwazi ukuziqhelanisa kakhulu nohlobo oluthile, oluxabisekile kokusingqongileyo kwendalo nakwimbonakalo-mhlaba kwimiyezo kwiimozulu ezibandayo nezipholileyo. Amahlamvu ayo anomtsalane onyaka, ukuqina, kunye nokugcinwa okuphantsi kwenza ukuba ibe lolona khetho lufanelekileyo kwabo bafuna iyantlukwano kunye nombala kwiindawo zayo eziluhlaza. Ikwakhuthaza ukwahluka kwezinto eziphilayo kwaye inegalelo ekulondolozweni kommandla osemazantsi.
