La I-Murcian hydroponics yokwenza ama-strawberry Ibe yenye yezona ndlela zisebenzayo nezivelisayo zokulima esi siqhamo sixabisekileyo, ingakumbi kwiindawo ezinemozulu efana neyengingqi yaseMurcia. Le nkqubo idibanisa ubuchule bezolimo bendabuko baseMurcian kunye nobuchwepheshe banamhlanje bokulima ngaphandle komhlaba ukuze kufumaneke isivuno esizinzileyo nesisemgangathweni ophezulu kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamanzi okusebenzayo kakhulu.
Ngaphaya kokuba ngumkhwa, i-hydroponics esetyenziswa kwi-strawberries Ijongana neemfuno zokwenyani: ukonga amanzi, ulawulo oluphuculweyo lococeko, ukusetyenziswa ngcono kwendawo, kunye nokukwazi ukuvelisa phantse unyaka wonke. Ngaphezu koko, idibana nezisombululo zolawulo lwedijithali kunye nedatha ezifuna ulawulo olufanelekileyo lolwazi oluvelisiweyo, kubandakanya iinkqubo zokubeka esweni, izinzwa, kwaye, kwiimeko ezininzi, ukusetyenziswa kobuchwepheshe obuqhutywa yidatha obuxhomekeke ekuqokeleleni nasekucubunguleni ulwazi olufana neekuki kwiindawo zedijithali.
Yintoni iMurcian hydroponics esetyenziswa ekulimeni amasitrobheli?
Xa sithetha ngazo I-Murcian hydroponics yokwenza ama-strawberry Sithetha ngeseti ye iindlela zokulima ngaphandle komhlaba Ezi ndlela zilungiselelwe imeko yemozulu eqhelekileyo, amanzi, kunye neziseko zophuhliso zaseMurcia. Asiyondlela inye, esisigxina, kodwa yindlela yokulungiselela i-hydroponics yasekuhlaleni ngokweemfuno kunye nezixhobo zalo mmandla, igxile kwi-strawberries njengesityalo esibalaseleyo.
Kule nkqubo, iingcambu zesityalo sestrawberry Azikhuli emhlabeni, kodwa zikhula kwindawo engasebenzi kakuhle (njenge-perlite, i-coconut fiber okanye uboya belitye) okanye ngqo kwizisombululo zezondlo ezijikelezayo. Injongo kukulawula ngokuchanekileyo ubungakanani bamanzi, izondlo, kunye neoksijini efunyanwa sisityalo ngasinye, ukunciphisa ilahleko kunye nokwandisa imveliso ngemitha yesikwere.
Oko kubizwa ngokuba yi-"Murcian adaptation" kubonakaliswa kukusetyenziswa kwamanzi ngendlela efanelekileyo, uyilo lwegreenhouse kunye nebhedi ephakanyisiweyo eyenzelwe imitha yelanga kunye neemeko zobushushu bendawo, kunye nokugxila kakhulu ekwenzeni inzuzo ngokwendawo nganye. Kule meko, ama-strawberry angena kakuhle kakhulu ngenxa yexabiso lawo lemarike kunye nempendulo yawo entle ekulinyweni okungenamhlaba.
Olunye uphawu oluphambili kukuba i-hydroponics eMurcia Ngokwesiqhelo idibanisa izixhobo zokubeka esweni idatha (ubushushu, ukufuma, ukuqhuba kombane, i-pH, njl.njl.), ezifuna ukucutshungulwa kolwazi rhoqo. Njengeekuki ezikwiiwebhusayithi, iinkqubo zolawulo lwezityalo ziqokelela kwaye zigcina idatha yokusingqongileyo ukuze zenze izigqibo ezichanekileyo malunga nokunkcenkceshela kunye nokuchumisa.
Iingenelo ze-hydroponics eMurcia zokulima amasitrobheli
Esinye sezizathu zokuba le nkqubo isasazeke kangaka sisixa esikhulu se iinzuzo zezolimo kunye nezoqoqosho nto leyo eyinika yona xa ithelekiswa nokulima umhlaba wesintu. Kwindawo enemithombo yamanzi embalwa efana neMurcia, la mandla enza umahluko omkhulu.
Okokuqala, i ukonga amanzi Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Ngokusebenzisa iinkqubo zokunkcenkceshela ezikwindawo ethile kunye nokujikeleza kwakhona kwesisombululo sezondlo, kufezekiswa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi ngekhilogram yestrawberry iphantsi kakhulu kunakwizityalo ezivulekileyo. Amanzi afakwa kanye apho ingcambu ikhona, ukuvuza okunzulu kuyancitshiswa, kwaye kwiimeko ezininzi, asetyenziswa kwakhona emva kokulungisa iiparameters ezifana ne-pH kunye nokuqhuba kombane.
Ikwaphucula ulawulo lwezempilo. Ngokungasebenzisi umhlaba, iingxaki ezininzi ziyaphetshwa. iingxaki zezifo zomhlaba (ifungi, ii-nematodes, njl.njl.) ezihlala zichaphazela ama-strawberry. Oku kuthetha ukuba unyango oluncinci lwezityalo luyancipha, umngcipheko ophantsi wokulahlekelwa zizifo zeengcambu, kunye nendawo yokukhula enokuqikelelwa ngakumbi.
Enye ingongoma ephambili kukuvelisa. Kwi-hydroponics eMurcia, izityalo zibekwa kwizakhiwo eziphakamileyo, kwiindlela, okanye kwiitafile zokukhulisa ezivumela ukwanda kwesivuno. ukuxinana kokutyala ngaphandle kokulahla ukufikelela ekuvuneni. Ngamanye amazwi, izityalo ezininzi zinokungena ngemitha yesikwere, kwaye umsebenzi wabasebenzi wenziwa ube lula, nto leyo enciphisa umgudu womzimba kunye nexesha lokuvuna.
Ukongeza koku, kukho uzinzo olukhulu kwimveliso kulo lonke ixesha lonyaka. Ulawulo oluchanekileyo lokunkcenkceshela, izondlo, kunye nemozulu encinci kunciphisa ukuguquguquka kwaye kufezekisa... amasitrobheli akumgangatho ofanayo nomgangatho, into exatyiswa kakhulu ngabasasazi kunye nomthengi wokugqibela.
Izinto ezisisiseko zenkqubo ye-Murcian hydroponic yeestrawberry
Ukuphumeza inkqubo ye I-Murcian hydroponics igxile kwi-strawberries Kubalulekile ukuqonda izinto ezikuyo. Nangona ifama nganye inokuyilungelelanisa neemeko zayo, kukho izinto ezininzi ezifanayo ezihlala zikhona.
Okokuqala, kukho isakhiwo esikhulayo: ii-greenhouse ezinee-tunnel ezininzi, ii-tunnels eziphakamileyo, okanye izakhiwo ezithile ezenzelwe ukukhusela izityalo kwimitha egqithisileyo, umoya, nemvula. Ngaphakathi kwezi zakhiwo kukho iitafile, imijelo okanye iibhentshi apho izityalo zigcinwa khona, nokuba zisezimbiza, ezingxoweni okanye kwiinkqubo zemijelo evulekileyo okanye evaliweyo.
Inkqubo yokunkcenkceshela yenye intsika ebalulekileyo. Kwi-hydroponics yama-strawberry eMurcia, ii-drippers, ii-microtubes, okanye imigca yokunkcenkceshela isetyenziselwa ukubonelela isisombululo sezondlo esilinganisiweyo ngokugqibeleleyoEsi sicombululo silungiselelwa kwiitanki okanye kwiindawo zokugcina amanzi apho izichumisi zinyibilikiswa khona, i-pH iyalungiswa, kwaye umbane ujongwa ngaphambi kokuba uthunyelwe kwizityalo.
Inkqubo yokukhupha amanzi kunye, apho kufanelekileyo, nenkqubo yokujikeleza amanzi ibaluleke ngokulinganayo. Inxalenye yesisombululo sezondlo esingafunxwanga sisityalo iqokelelwa kwiitreyi, imijelo, okanye imibhobho ukuze ilahlwe. ukuphinda kusetyenziswe okanye ukulawulwa kokufudukaXa kusetyenziswa iinkqubo ezivaliweyo, eli qhezu liyahluzwa, lihlalutywe kwaye lilungiswe ukuze liphinde lifakwe kwisekethe, nto leyo enciphisa inkcitho yamanzi kunye nezichumisi.
Icandelo letekhnoloji akufuneki lijongwe. Iiprojekthi ezininzi ze-hydroponic eMurcia ziquka izixhobo zokulawula ezirekhoda idatha malunga nemozulu yangaphakathi, ukufuma kwe-substrate, isantya sokuhamba kwamanzi okunkcenkceshela, kunye nezinye izinto. Olu hambo lwe-hydroponic Ulwazi oluqhubekayo luvumela ukulungiswa kolawulo yenkqubo ngendlela echanekileyo kakhulu, efana nendlela ii-cookies kwiwebhusayithi ezikuvumela ngayo ukuba uhlengahlengise amava omsebenzisi ngokurekhoda indlela abajonga ngayo.
Okokugqibela, kukho izinto ezixhasayo nezothutho: iinkqubo zokufudumeza okanye zokupholisa ngokweemfuno, izikrini zomthunzi, izixhobo zokungenisa umoya, iindawo zokulungiselela izityalo, amagumbi okupholisa iziqhamo ngaphambi kokuba zipholile kunye neendawo zokuphatha emva kokuvunwa, zonke zilungelelaniswe neenkcukacha ezithile zokulima istrawberry nge-hydroponic.
Ulawulo lwamanzi, izondlo kunye nedatha kwi-hydroponics eMurcia
Impumelelo ye I-Murcian hydroponics kwi-strawberries Kuxhomekeke kakhulu kulawulo lwamanzi kunye nokuchumisa. Amanzi asetyenziswayo ahlala ehlalutywa rhoqo ukuze kuchongwe ukwakheka kwawo kokuqala (ii-bicarbonates, iityuwa ezinyibilikisiweyo, ubulukhuni, njl.njl.) kwaye, ukusuka apho, isicwangciso sokuchumisa senzelwe iimfuno zestrawberry kwinqanaba ngalinye lokulima.
Izondlo zibonelelwa ngohlobo lwezichumisi ezinyibilikayo, ezifakwa kwiintloko zokunkcenkceshela kunye nezixhobo zokujova. Izinga lokusetyenziswa lijongwa ngokusondeleyo. ukuhanjiswa kombane (EC) Ukuqinisekisa ukuba isityalo sifumana uxinaniso olwaneleyo lwezondlo, i-pH iyalawulwa ukuze kuphuculwe ukufunxwa. Utshintsho olukhawulezileyo okanye ukungalingani kwisisombululo sezondlo kunokuchaphazela ngokukhawuleza inkangeleko yesityalo kunye nomgangatho wesiqhamo.
Ngokuphathelele amanzi, i-hydroponics eMurcia izimisele amaqhinga okunkcenkceshela achanekileyo kakhulungemijikelo emifutshane neqhelekileyo elungelelanisa imitha kunye nemfuno yokwenyani yesityalo. Izinzwa zomswakama, ibhalansi yamanzi yemihla ngemihla, kunye nedatha yemozulu ziyadityaniswa ukuze kuchongwe ubude kunye nokuphindaphinda kokunkcenkceshela, ukuthintela uxinzelelo lwamanzi kunye nokufuma okugqithisileyo kwiingcambu.
Kwangaxeshanye, ulawulo lwedatha luye lwaba yinto egqibayo. Njengokuba iwebhusayithi isebenzisa iikuki ukugcina kunye/okanye ukufikelela kulwazi lwesixhobo ukuphucula amava omsebenzisi, i-hydroponic greenhouse iqokelela ulwazi oluvela kwiisensa kunye nezixhobo. Kwimeko enjalo, "imvume" iguqulela kwisigqibo somlimi sokuba iiteknoloji zokubeka esweni nokulawula amandla okusebenzisa imali eninzi ukulungisa ulawulo lwesityalo sakho ngendlela yesayensi ngakumbi.
Olu hlaziyo lolwazi lunenjongo ecacileyo: ukuphucula ukusebenza, ukulindela iingxaki, kunye nokunciphisa iingozi. Ulawulo olungalunganga lunokuchaphazela kakubi imisebenzi ethile yenkqubo, njengokuphucula ukunkcenkceshela okanye ukufumanisa kwangethuba ukuphambuka kwimozulu okanye kwisondlo, kanye njengokuba ukwala iikuki kwiwebhusayithi kuthintela ezinye iimpawu zokukhangela okanye zokwenza ngokwezifiso.
Ubudlelwane phakathi kobuchwepheshe bedatha kunye nolawulo lwezityalo
Uqhagamshelwano phakathi I-Murcian hydroponics yokwenza ama-strawberry Kwaye ukusetyenziswa kobuchwepheshe obuqhutywa yidatha kuya kusanda. Namhlanje, iifama ezininzi zidibanisa amaqonga edijithali aqokelela, ahlele, kwaye ahlalutye ulwazi oluvela kwi-greenhouse: ukufundwa kobushushu, ukufuma okulinganiselweyo, imitha, ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi, phakathi kwezinye.
Olu lwazi lulawulwa ngendlela efanayo nendlela idatha yomsebenzisi yokukhangela ephathwa ngayo kwi-intanethi. Iwebhusayithi isebenzisa iikuki ukugcina kunye/okanye ukufikelela kwidatha yesixhobo ukuze inikezele ngeenkonzo ezenzelwe wena okanye ezihlalutyayo. Ngokufanayo, kwinkqubo ye-hydroponic, idatha yokusingqongileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kwayo iqokelelwa ukuze ukuphucula izigqibo zezolimoukusuka ekucwangcisweni kokunkcenkceshela ukuya ekufakeni umoya okanye ukufunxa izichumiso.
Kubalulekile ukugxininisa ukuba, kuzo zombini iindawo zolimo oluchanekileyo kunye neendawo zedijithali, ukusetyenziswa kolwazi ngononophelo kubalulekile. Kwi-intanethi, kuyimfuneko ukwazisa umsebenzisi kunye nokucela imvume yakhe yokucubungula idatha ethile, ubalumkisa ukuba ukugodla okanye ukurhoxisa imvume kunokuchaphazela kakubi iimpawu kunye nemisebenzi ethile yewebhusayithi. Kwimeko yokulima, isigqibo sokungasebenzisi iteknoloji yokubeka esweni asiyonto esemthethweni yemvume, kodwa sithetha ukurhoxisa amalungelo athile. izixhobo ezenza kube lula ulawulo olusebenzayo ngakumbi ukusuka kwi-greenhouse.
Amava abonisa ukuba iifama ezixhomekeke kwezi nkqubo zokuqokelela idatha kunye nohlalutyo zilawula ngakumbi ukuguquguquka kunye nokuphendula ngokukhawuleza kutshintsho lwemozulu okanye imeko yezityalo. Ngoko ke, i-hydroponics yama-strawberry eMurcia iqondwa ngakumbi njengenkqubo edibeneyo apho izinto ezibonakalayo (indlu eluhlaza, ukunkcenkceshela, iibhedi eziphakanyisiweyo) zihamba kunye Icandelo ledijithali nelohlalutyo.
Ngokwendlela esebenzayo, oku kuthetha ukuba kukho iiphaneli zolawulo ezifumaneka kwiikhompyutha okanye kwizixhobo eziphathwayo, idatha yembali evumela uthelekiso lwephulo, kunye nezilumkiso ezizenzekelayo xa nayiphi na iparameter ingaphandle koluhlu oluchaziweyo. Injongo yokugqibela kukubonelela umphathi wezityalo ngolwazi olucacileyo nolusebenzayo ukuphucula iziphumo.
Iinkalo zomgangatho, uzinzo kunye namava omsebenzisi
Enye yezinto ezikhangayo ezinkulu ze I-hydroponics yestrawberry eMurcia Ngumgangatho wemveliso yokugqibela. Ulawulo lwamanzi, izondlo, kunye nemozulu luvumela ukufumana iziqhamo ezinobukhulu obuhle, umbala ofanayo, incasa enamandla, kunye nexesha elide lokuphelelwa—iimpawu ezibalulekileyo kwiimarike ezifuna kakhulu kunye neetsheyini ezinde zokusasazwa.
Ngokwembono yozinzo, ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kunye nezibulali-zinambuzane yingxoxo enyanzelisayo kwiindawo ezinqongopheleyo kwizixhobo. Ukusebenzisa kwakhona isisombululo sezondlo kunye nokulawula ngononophelo amanzi amdaka kunceda ekunciphiseni impembelelo yokusingqongileyo, ukuba nje iimeko ezifunekayo ziyafezekiswa. iindlela ezilungileyo zokulawula ukungcola kwaye ubuninzi betyuwa emanzini abuyayo buyalawulwa.
Olu qilima lukwanomlinganiselo wezoqoqosho nowentlalo. Iinkqubo ezisebenzayo ngakumbi zivumela abavelisi ukuba bakhuphisane ngakumbi, baqinisekise ukuba kukho unikezelo oluzinzileyo, kwaye bavelise imisebenzi enxulumene nobuchwepheshe obuphambili. Ukudibanisa ulwazi lwemveli lwezolimo lwaseMurcian kunye nezisombululo ze-hydroponic kunye nezedijithali kuvula amathuba okuba iifama zobukhulu obahlukeneyo, ukusuka kwiiprojekthi zosapho ukuya kwiindawo ezinkulu zokuthengisa.
Ngaphezu koko, kwimeko yedijithali enxulumene nezi zityalo (iiwebhusayithi zenkampani, amaqonga edatha, izixhobo zolawulo), ukusetyenziswa kobuchwepheshe obufana neekuki ukugcina kunye/okanye ukufikelela kulwazi lwesixhobo kuye kwaba yinto eqhelekileyo. Injongo kukuphucula amava omsebenzisi, ukubonelela ngomxholo ofanelekileyo, izibalo zokusetyenziswa, okanye nenkxaso yobugcisa yexesha langempela. Abasebenzisi banelungelo lokugqiba ukuba baya kuvuma na okanye abavumi olu hlaziyo, beqonda ukuba ukwala kwabo kunokunciphisa ukufikelela kwiimpawu ezithile.
Ngale ndlela, amava omsebenzisi kumaqonga anxulumene ne-strawberry hydroponics eMurcia axhaswa yimvume ecacileyo kunye nolawulo lwabucala. Isaziso esicacileyo sazisa abasebenzisi ukuba ukuvuma ezi teknoloji kuya kuvumela ukucutshungulwa kwedatha efana nokuziphatha kokukhangela okanye izihlonzi ezizodwa kwisiza, kwaye ukungavumi okanye ukurhoxisa imvume kunokuchaphazela kakubi iimpawu kunye nemisebenzi ethile. Oku kubonakalisa kuyawuqinisa ukuthemba izisombululo zedijithali ezihambelana nophuhliso lwe-hydroponics.
Lilonke, i-hydroponics esetyenziswa kwi-strawberries eMurcia ivela njengendlela ephucukileyo yokuvelisa iziqhamo ezixabisa kakhulu kwindawo enemida yamanzi kunye neemfuno ezingqongqo zomgangatho. Ukudibanisa izakhiwo ezithile zokukhula, ukunkcenkceshela ngokuchanekileyo kunye nesondlo, ulawulo lwezifo, ulawulo lwedatha olukrelekrele, kunye nokugxila ngokucacileyo ekuzinzeni kwenza kube lukhetho oluqinileyo kwabo bafuna ukwandisa ukusebenza kunye nomgangatho ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa yimbono yokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ngendlela efanelekileyo okanye ukubaluleka kolwazi ekwenzeni izigqibo.
