Khawuthelekelele uphuma uye kwithala lakho, ujonge iimbiza zakho zeentyatyambo, ubone ilettuce, iitumato kunye nemifuno ehlumayo oyaziyo ukuba ikhule kuyo imbewu yendalo ekhathalelwe ngumthomboAkuyonto nje yokuzonwabisa emnandi: ukutyala yonke into sisigqibo esincinci esichaphazela impilo yakho, ummandla wakho, kwaye, nangona kuvakala kukuhle, iplanethi yonke. Ukukhetha imbewu enye kunenye kwenza umahluko phakathi kokuqhubeka nokondla imodeli yemizi-mveliso enzima okanye ukukhetha indlela ehloniphekileyo neqondayo yokukhulisa.
Xa sithetha ngembewu yendalo, asibhekiseli nje "kwinto enempilo," kodwa indlela epheleleyo yokunxibelelana nomhlaba, nokuba sihlala embindini wesixekoIpakethi elula yembewu inokuba sisiqalo sotshintsho kwindlela otya ngayo, ubomi bosapho lwakho, kunye nobuninzi beentlobo ngeentlobo zezinto ezikungqongileyo. Yiyo loo nto ukuqonda ukuba zeziphi iimbewu, kutheni zibaluleke kangaka, kunye nendlela yokuqala ukuzisebenzisa kubalulekile ukuba ufuna igadi yakho—nokuba ikwibalcony, ipatio, okanye iploti—ibe nefuthe elihle ngokwenene; ngaphezu koko, ukufunda tyala embizeni iyakukunceda.
Zithini iimbewu zendalo kwaye kutheni zibaluleke kangaka?
Imbewu yendalo ivela kwizityalo ezikhuliswe phantsi iindlela zokulima eziphilayo eziqinisekisiweyoapho kuthintelwa khona ukusetyenziswa kwezibulali-zinambuzane ezenziweyo, izibulali-zinambuzane ezinobungozi beekhemikhali, kunye nezichumisi ezenziweyo. Azikho phantsi kolawulo lwemfuza kwilebhu (azizo ii-GMO), kwaye imveliso yazo ilandela imigangatho engqongqo yokuqinisekisa ukuba olu phawu lwendalo lugcinwa kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana.
Oku kuthetha ukuba, ngokuzityala, uqalisa umjikelo opheleleyo apho Inqanaba ngalinye lihlonipha ulungelelwaniso lwenkqubo yendaloUkususela kumhlaba apho izityalo zikamama zikhula khona ukuya kwindlela imbewu evunwa ngayo, icocwa ngayo, kwaye igcinwa ngayo ngaphambi kokuba ifike esandleni sakho, ayisiyonto intle nje kuphela ebhegini; ngasemva kwayo kukho uhlolo, ulawulo, kunye nenkqubo yonke eyilelwe ukunciphisa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo.
Ngaphezu koko, uninzi lwale mbewu luvela iintlobo zemveli okanye ukuvundisa imbewu evulekileyoOku kubavumela ukuba bazivumelanise ngcono nemozulu yasekuhlaleni kunye neemeko ezithile zendawo yakho. Imbewu yendalo elungelelaniswe kwindawo eyomileyo, umzekelo, iya kumelana nehlobo elishushu kunye nokunkcenkceshelwa okuncinci ngcono kuneentlobo zoshishino ezenzelwe ukulima izityalo ezininzi.
Ngokwenyani, ukukhetha imbewu yendalo yindlela elula yokuthi “ewe” kwezolimo ezicocekileyo kunye nokuthi “hayi” ekusetyenzisweni kakhulu kwezinto ezingcolisayo. Ngalo lonke ixesha utyala enye yezi mbewu embizeni yakho okanye ebhedini yegadi, uyayixhasa uthotho lwemveliso olulungele umhlaba, abantu abawusebenzayo, kunye nomzimba wakho.
Imbewu yendalo kunye nempilo: oko ukubeka epleyitini yakho kuqala kwiphakheji
Xa ukhetha into oza kuyityala emyezweni wakho, ngokwenene uthatha isigqibo Luhlobo luni lokutya ofuna ukuluzisa etafileni yakho yonke imihla?Imbewu yendalo ivelisa izityalo, ezithi, kulo lonke ixesha lazo, zikhuliswe ngaphandle kokusebenzisa iikhemikhali zokwenziwa kwezolimo, nto leyo enciphisa kakhulu ubukho beentsalela ezinobuthi kwimifuno oza kuyitya ekugqibeleni.
Kwabo banabantwana abancinci ekhaya okanye abantu abanengxaki kwiikhemikhali ezithile, oku akuyonto incinci. Ukukhulisa imbewu yendalo kukuvumela ukuba ufumane imifuno neziqhamo ezikhuselekileyo nezicacileyo ngakumbi kwimvelaphi yazoUyazi apho zivela khona, indlela ezenziwe ngayo, kunye nokuba yintoni esetyenzisiweyo—okanye engasetyenziswanga—kuyo yonke le nkqubo. Olu landelelwano lunika uxolo olukhulu lwengqondo xa ufuna ukukhusela impilo yosapho lwakho.
Abantu abaninzi abaqala igadi esixekweni benza njalo ngenxa yale nkxalabo. Cinga ngemeko kamama okanye utata ogqiba ekubeni abeke igadi encinci kwibalcony ukuze abantwana bakhe batye ngcono: ngokutyala imbewu yendalo, baqinisekisa ukuba onke amagqabi elettuce okanye onke amagqabi e-lettuce ayasebenza. Utamatisi we Cherry efikelela kwipleyiti ikhule ngaphandle kwemvula yezibulali-zinambuzane kuyo. Ukutya akusabi yimveliso engaziwayo yevenkile enkulu kwaye kuba yinto ephilayo nesondeleyo..
Okunomdla kukuba, xa abantwana bethatha inxaxheba kule nkqubo - ukuhlwayela, ukunkcenkceshela, ukusasaza izityalo, ukuvuna - badla ngokubonisa umdla ongakumbi wokuzama imifuno ababengayamkeli ngaphambili. Bukela imbewu ihlumaUkubukela igqabi lokuqala livuleka, emva kweeveki, ukuvuna ukutya oko kuguqula ukutya okunempilo kube yinto ephantse ibe ngumlingo. Igadi iba "ligumbi lokufundela" lesondlo kunye nentlonipho ngendalo.
Ngaphezu koko, ngokusebenzisa iintlobo zezityalo ezingezozendalo, kwaye rhoqo, zemveli, awuphuculi nje kuphela umgangatho wento oyityayo, kodwa ukwandisa kakhulu ukhetho lwakho. ulwahlulo lweencasa, ubume kunye nemibala kwizitya zakhoIitumato ezimfusa, iminqathe yemibala eyahlukeneyo, i-basil enevumba elimnandi kakhulu... konke oku kwenza ukutya okunempilo kube nomtsalane ngakumbi, kubantu abadala nakubantwana.
Ukunyamekela umhlaba ngembewu yendalo: isiseko sekamva elichumayo
Umhlaba awungomhlaba nje apho uncamathela khona ifosholo. Ngumhlaba ophilayo owenziwe iintsholongwane, iifungi, imibungu yomhlaba kunye nezinye izidalwa ezincinci ezingenakubalwa ezidala ulwakhiwo kunye ukuchuma komhlaba apho zonke izityalo zixhomekeke khona. Imbewu yendalo inxulumene ngokusondeleyo neenkqubo zezolimo ezihlonipha kwaye zikhathalele obu bomi bungabonakaliyo, endaweni yokubuphelisa ixesha lonyaka emva kwexesha.
Ukuveliswa kwembewu yendalo kudla ngokuhamba kunye neendlela ezifana ukujikeleziswa kwezityalo, ukufakwa komgquba ovuthiweyo, kunye nolawulo lokunkcenkceshela olufanelekileyoKonke oku kubangela umhlaba onesakhiwo esingcono, okwaziyo ukugcina amanzi ngaphandle kokugcwala kwamanzi, kwaye unomsebenzi ophezulu webhayoloji. Nokuba kukwigadi yasezidolophini kwiibhedi eziphakamileyo okanye kwiimbiza ezinkulu, ukuphinda le mikhuba kubonisa iziphumo ezibonakalayo ngokuhamba kwexesha: ii-substrates ezininzi ezinemingxuma, iingcambu eziphuhlileyo, kunye nezityalo ezimelana ngakumbi nezinambuzane nezifo.
Xa umlimi egqiba ekubeni atshintshele kwimbewu yendalo aze ahambe nolo tshintsho ngeendlela zokwenza izinto eziphilayo, uhlala eqaphela, emva kwexesha elithile, ukuba umhlaba “uyaphila”Kuvela imibungu emininzi, inani elikhulu leengcambu ezincinci liyabonakala, kwaye umhlaba ugcina umswakama ngcono nokuba kushushu. Konke oku kunciphisa isidingo sokunkcenkceshela rhoqo kunye nezichumisi zangaphandle, nto leyo ekhokelela ekugcinweni kwamanzi, iimveliso kunye nomgudu.
Olu phuculo lomhlaba lubalulekile kwimeko ingxaki yemozulu kunye nembalela eyanda rhoqoUmhlaba ophilayo usebenza njengesiponji, ugcina amanzi kunye nekhabhoni kwaye unceda ekunciphiseni imiphumo yemozulu embi. Into elula njengokukhetha imbewu yendalo kunye nokuzinyamekela kwigadi yakho yasekhaya inokunceda, kwinqanaba elincinci, ekuqineni kweenkqubo zendalo.
Ngaphezu koko, iintlobo zendalo ezilungelelaniswe kakuhle kummandla ngamnye zihlala zinyamezela uxinzelelo lwamanzi kunye namaqondo obushushu aphezulu ngcono. Ngoko ke, xa umhlaba ulungiswa kakuhle kwaye unkcenkceshela ngendlela efanelekileyo, Izityalo zakho eziphilayo zinokunyamezela ngcono ihlobo elinzima okanye ubusika obungaqhelekanga., ukugcina isivuno esamkelekileyo ngaphandle kwemfuneko "yokuziqhushumbisa" ngeekhemikhali.
Ukwahlukana kwezinto eziphilayo kunye nolawulo lokutya: inkululeko equlethwe kwimbewu
Enye yezona zinto zinamandla zembewu yendalo yindima yazo ukulondolozwa kwezinto eziphilayo ezilinyiweyoNgokungafaniyo nokuhlanganiswa kwezityalo okukhuthazwa lizolimo lwemizi-mveliso - apho iintlobo ezimbalwa ezifanayo ziphindaphindwa kwizigidi zeehektare - imbewu yendalo idla ngokuvela kwimigca yendawo, yendabuko okanye efunyenweyo, eneempawu ezikhethekileyo kwincasa, ukumelana nokutshintshatshintsha kwendalo.
Uninzi lwale mbewu luvela ukuvundisa imbewu evulekileyoOko kukuthi, zizala ngokwendalo ngezinambuzane, umoya, okanye ezinye izinto ezibangela ukuba izityalo zivelise imbewu ephilayo onokuzigcina kwaye uzityale kwakhona. Oku kwahlukile kwiimbewu ezininzi ze-F1 hybrid ezivela kwimodeli yemizi-mveliso, ezingenakuphinda zityalwe ngaphandle kwesiqinisekiso kuba isizukulwana esilandelayo asigcini iimpawu ezifanayo, nto leyo enyanzelisa ukuba uzithenge minyaka le.
Xa ugcina imbewu kwizityalo zakho ezilungileyo—ezona zimnandi, ezo zikwaziyo ukumelana nobushushu, okanye ezo zingachaphazeleki lula zizifo—uthatha inxaxheba kumsebenzi wokwenza ukukhetha kunye nohlengahlengiso lwendawoKwiminyaka edlulileyo, imbewu yakho iyaqhelana neemeko ezithile zegadi yakho, imozulu yakho, kunye neendlela zakho zokukhulisa. Oko kuthetha ulawulo lokutya ngendlela yalo ecocekileyo: kungaxhomekeki kwinto echazwe kwiikhathalogu, kodwa kuxhomekeka ekwakheni ilifa lakho lemfuza elityiwayo.
Iiworkshop ezininzi kunye neenethiwekhi zegadi zilungiselela ukutshintshiselana ngembewu apho imbewu isasazeka khona iitumato ezinemibala, amathanga aneemilo ezimangalisayo, iimbotyi ezineepateni ezimangalisayo, okanye i-basil enevumba elimnandiIpakethi nganye encinci ibalisa ibali lomntu owayeyikhathalele, indawo eyilungelelanise kuyo, kunye nezitya ezilungisiweyo ngeziqhamo zayo. Ukuthatha inxaxheba kwezi zenzo yindlela elula yokukhusela iintlobo ngeentlobo ebezinokulahleka.
Olu hlobo lokwahluka alugcini nje ngokutyebisa itafile yakho; lukwaqinisa inkqubo yezolimo ngokuchasene nezinambuzane, izifo, kunye notshintsho lwemozulu. Okukhona iintlobo ezininzi zikhuliswa, kokukhona amathuba okuba ezinye ziya kumelana nemingeni ethile ngcono. Ngokukhetha imbewu yendalo kunye negalelo ekugcinweni kwayo, uqinisa i- inethiwekhi yokumelana nokutya ngokudibeneyo.
Indlela yokuqalisa ngembewu yendalo inyathelo ngenyathelo
Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba ukuqalisa ngembewu yendalo akudingi mhlaba mkhulu okanye uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali olukhulu. Ungaqala. kunye neembiza ezimbalwa efestileni, ibhedi yegadi ephakamileyo ebalcony okanye iqhekeza elincinci lepatioEyona nto ibalulekileyo kukukhetha imvelaphi efanelekileyo yembewu yakho kwaye ufunde ukuyiphatha ngononophelo nangokuyijonga.
Inyathelo lokuqala kukukhangela ababoneleli abathembekileyoQinisekisa ukuba imbewu ibhalwe ngokucacileyo njengeyendalo okanye yendalo, kunye nesiqinisekiso esifanelekileyo. Iivenkile ezininzi ezikhethekileyo, iindawo zokugcina izityalo, kunye neeprojekthi ze-agroecological zibonelela ngeekhathalogu ezenzelwe zombini iigadi zasezidolophini nezasemaphandleni, kunye neentlobo-ntlobo ezilungelelaniswe nemozulu ethile. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, beka phambili imbewu eveliswe kummandla okanye kwilizwe lakho; idla ngokusebenza ngcono phantsi kweemeko zasekuhlaleni.
Esinye isixhobo esixabisekileyo kakhulu uluntu lwasekuhlaleni lwabalimiAmaqela abathengi, imibutho yasekuhlaleni, iigadi zoluntu, kunye neenethiwekhi zokutshintshiselana ngembewu ziindawo ezifanelekileyo zokufumana iintlobo ezinomdla nokufunda amaqhinga kubantu abaye bazityala iminyaka emininzi. Ngaphandle kokufumana imbewu, uya kufumana amava, ufunde kwiimpazamo ongafuni ukuziphinda, kwaye, kutheni kungenjalo, wenze abahlobo abatsha abanomdla ofanayo nomhlaba.
Kwangoko nje ukuba uthathe amanyathelo akho okuqala, kufanelekile ukuqhela gcina imbewu kwizityalo ezikunika iziphumo ezilungileyoAkunyanzelekanga ukuba wenze yonke into ngaxeshanye; ungaqala ngokukhetha izityalo ezimbalwa ezilula ezifana neetumato, ilettuce, okanye iziqholo (ibasil, iparsley, icilantro, njl.njl.). Vumela nje ezinye izityalo zigqibezele umjikelo wazo wobomi, ziqokelele imbewu yazo ngexesha elifanelekileyo, zomise kakuhle, kwaye uzigcine kwiimvulophu okanye kwiibhotile ezibhalwe uhlobo kunye nomhla.
Ukuze ufumane okuninzi kumava akho, kuluncedo kakhulu ukuzisa into encinci incwadi yokubhalela okanye irekhodi yokutyalaBhala phantsi ukuba zeziphi iintlobo ozityalileyo, ngomhla wani, phi, zifumene ukukhanya okungakanani, uzinkcenkceshele njani, kwaye zikhule kakuhle kangakanani. Emva kwexesha elithile lonyaka, uya kuba nemephu ecacileyo yendlela yokuba zeziphi iimbewu ezifanelekileyo kwindawo yakho ethile kunye nemozulu, nto leyo ekuvumela ukuba uphucule ukutyala kwakho ngakumbi.
Njengoko usiya uqhelana nembewu yendalo, uza kubona igadi yakho itshintshatshintsha, iqaqambile, kwaye iqine ngakumbi. Kwaye ngaphezu kwako konke, uza kuqala ukuziva loo nto Ukhetho ngalunye lwembewu luyinto encinci ehambelana nendlela ofuna ukuzondla ngayo nendlela ofuna ukunxulumana ngayo nokusingqongileyo.Akunyanzelekanga ukuba ube yingcali okanye ube nexesha elininzi: ngokuhlala uhleli, unomdla wokwazi izinto ezintsha kunye nomnqweno wokufunda, ibhalkhoni okanye igadi yakho inokuba yindawo yokukhosela eluhlaza encinci eyenza umahluko omkhulu.
Ekugqibeleni, yonke le nkqubo iphelela kwisenzo esilula kakhulu: ukuvula ipakethi yembewu uze uyiwise emhlabeni. Kwezo ziqwenga zincinci zobomi, onke amandla axutyiwe. amathuba okuba kubekho inkqubo yokutya enobulungisa, enempilo, neyahlukeneyo ngakumbiWonke umntu onesibindi sokutyala ngendlela yendalo, nokuba kusembindini wesixeko okanye kwikona yasemaphandleni, wongeza amandla kwintshukumo ejonge phambili ngekamva ngezandla ezidaywe ngumhlaba kwaye amehlo ayo ejonge phezulu.
